Emergency gastrointestinal surgery in patients undergoing antithrombotic therapy in a single general hospital: a propensity score-matched analysis

Table 5 Multivariate analysis for severe intraoperative bleeding (EBL ≥ 492 mL) and postoperative bleeding complication

		Severe intraoperative bleeding (EBL ≥ 492 mL)			Postoperative bleeding complication
Variable		Odds ratio	95% CI	p value	Odds ratio	95% CI	p value
Age (years)	< 65 vs. ≥ 65	2.16	0.86–5.41	0.101	2.76	0.34–75.61	0.377
Sex	Female vs. Male	3.56	1.65–7.66	0.001
Charlson comorbidity index	1–2 vs. ≥ 3–6				5.63	0.69–34.42	0.097
ASA・PS	1–2 vs. ≥ 3-5	2.12	0.98–4.57	0.056	2.83	0.49–17.34	0.238
Antithrombotic drugs	Absent vs. Present				1.08	0.05–7.83	0.947
Anticoagulant drugs	Absent vs. Present				2.39	0.07–76.33	0.584
Dual antithrombotic drugs	Absent vs. Present				49.11	0.86–4780	0.058
Malignancy	Absent vs. Present	1.19	0.39–3.59	0.757
Appendectomy	Absent vs. Present	0.15	0.04–0.58	0.006	2.81 × 10^-7	0–1.2 × 10^-27	0.063
Gastrectomy	Absent vs. Present	5.27	0.59–46.8	0.136
Colectomy	Absent vs. Present	3.23	1.29–8.07	0.012
Drainage operation	Absent vs. Present				3.97	0.18–36.17	0.315
Laparotomy	Absent vs. Present	2.34	0.88–6.24	0.090	1.24	0.16–25.64	0.850

EBL estimated blood loss, ASA・PS American Society of Anesthesiologists classification of physical status, CI confidence interval

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