Table 1 Search terms based on the SPIDER framework

Sample (S)

Ethnic* minorit* OR Indigenous OR Native

South Asia* OR Bengali OR Bangladesh* OR India* OR Pakistan* OR Sri Lanka* OR Nepal* OR Afghan* OR Black OR Africa* OR Afro Caribbean OR Somali OR Sudan* OR Zimbabw* OR Turk* OR Arab OR Middle Eastern OR Assyrian OR Kurd OR Iraq* OR Leban* OR Syria* OR Iran* OR Irish OR Gypsy OR Traveller OR Refugee OR Asylum OR Chin* OR Japan* OR Korea* OR Mongolia* OR Latin* OR Puerto Rican OR Mexic* OR Hawai’ian OR Alaska OR Brazil* OR Chile* OR Venezuelan OR Jamaica* OR Cuban OR Hispanic OR Quebec* OR Mohawk OR Inuit OR Metis OR Acadian OR Aboriginal or Melanesian or Maori or Islander OR Filipino OR Indonesia* OR Vietnam* OR Cambodia* OR Burm* OR Malaysia* OR Singapore* OR Timorese OR Laotians OR Europe*

Phenomenon of Interest (PI)

Inflammatory bowel disease OR Crohn OR Ulcerative colitis

Bowel function OR bowel dysfunction OR bowel disorder OR bowel cancer OR Irritable bowel syndrome

Carcinoma OR constipation OR stoma

Design (D)

Interview OR focus group OR survey OR case stud* OR observation OR ethnograph*

Evaluation (E)

Experien* OR view* OR opinion* OR attitude* OR feel* OR understanding* OR belief* OR perspectives* OR perception*

Research type (R)

Qualitative OR quantitative OR mixed method