Phase 1 (n = 51) | Phase 2 (n = 54) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
RTME (n = 17) | LTME (n = 34) | p value | RTME (n = 23) | LTME (n = 31) | p value | |
Age (year) | 56.2 ± 9.5 | 60.1 ± 10.1 | 0.189 | 58.3 ± 9.6 | 60.3 ± 11.7 | 0.500 |
Male | 8 (47.1) | 16 (47.1) | 1.000 | 12 (52.2) | 15 (48.4) | 0.783 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 21.8 ± 2.9 | 22.8 ± 4.7 | 0.414 | 21.8 ± 3.0 | 21.5 ± 3.5 | 0.735 |
ASA (I/II/III) | 6/9/2 (35.3/52.9/11.8) | 13/15/6 (38.2/44.1/17.7) | 0.793 | 13/7/3 (56.5/30.4/13.1) | 10/13/8 (32.3/41.9/25.8) | 0.187 |
Distance from AV (cm) | 8.1 ± 3.1 | 7.6 ± 3.2 | 0.588 | 8.3 ± 2.9 | 7.5 ± 3.4 | 0.375 |
CRT | 1 (5.9) | 3 (8.8) | 1.000 | 4 (17.4)) | 2 (6.5) | 0.384 |
Procedure type | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
LAR | 16 (94.1) | 32 (94.1) | 22 (95.7) | 29 (93.5) | ||
APR | 1 (5.9) | 2 (5.9) | 1 (4.3) | 2 (6.5) | ||
Operative time (min) | 360.6 ± 40.8 | 338.1 ± 47.2 | 0.100 | 323.5 ± 42.6 | 301.9 ± 52.8 | 0.114 |
Blood loss (ml) | 148.2 ± 73.8 | 195.0 ± 62.4 | 0.022 | 135.4 ± 65.4 | 180.3 ± 83.5 | 0.037 |
Conversion | 1 (5.9) | 2 (5.9) | 1.000 | 0 | 1 (3.2) | 1.000 |
Protective ileostomy | 11 (64.7) | 19 (63.3) | 0.925 | 11 (47.8) | 12 (40.0) | 0.569 |
Hospital stay (day) | 9.5 ± 3.7 | 12.2 ± 3.5 | 0.017 | 9.0 ± 4.0 | 11.6 ± 4.4 | 0.029 |
C–D grade (III–V) | 1 (5.9) | 2 (5.9) | 1.000 | 2 (8.7) | 2 (6.5) | 1.000 |
Tumor size (cm) | 3.3 ± 1.2 | 3.5 ± 1.4 | 0.602 | 3.5 ± 1.6 | 4.0 ± 1.6 | 0.221 |
Retrieved lymph node | 15.2 ± 4.8 | 16.7 ± 5.7 | 0.369 | 15.4 ± 5.0 | 14.5 ± 4.8 | 0.485 |
pTNM (I/II/III) | 1/4/12 (5.9/23.5/70.6) | 5/7/22 (14.7/20.6/64.7) | 0.652 | 3/7/13 (13.1/30.4/56.5) | 8/8/15 (25.8/25.8/48.4) | 0.515 |
DRM (cm) | 2.4 ± 1.3 | 2.7 ± 1.5 | 0.545 | 2.4 ± 1.4 | 2.3 ± 1.5 | 0.757 |
Involved DRM | 0 | 0 | – | 0 | 0 | – |
Involved CRM | 1 (5.9) | 0 | 0.333 | 1 (4.3) | 0 | 0.426 |
Quality of TME | 0.933 | 0.858 | ||||
Complete | 12 (70.6) | 23 (67.6) | 19 (82.6) | 25 (80.6) | ||
Nearly complete | 4 (23.5) | 8 (23.5) | 2 (8.7) | 4 (12.9) | ||
Incomplete | 1 (5.9) | 3 (8.8) | 2 (8.7) | 2 (6.5) |