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Table 2 Prognostic factors for survival

From: Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of signet ring cell carcinoma of the gallbladder

Characteristic

Overall survival

Cancer-specific survival

Univariate analysis

Multivariate a

Univariate Analysis

Multivariate analysis

HR (95% CI)

P Value

HR (95% CI)

P Value

HR (95% CI)

P Value

HR (95% CI)

P Value

Age, years

        

 ≤ 60

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

 > 60

1.428 (1.384–1.473)

0.001

1.484 (1.383–1.594)

0.001

1.516 (1.459–1.575)

0.001

1.357 (1.266–1.456)

0.001

Sex

        

Male

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Female

0.950 (0.922–0.980)

0.001

0.894 (0.833–0.960)

0.002

0.953 (0.923–0.984)

0.003

0.900 (0.845–0.959)

0.001

Race

        

White

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Black

0.980 (0.935–1.027)

0.395

1.065 (0.965–1.175)

0.210

0.967 (0.920–1.016)

0.182

0.995 (0.913–1.085)

0.914

Other

0.847 (0.808–0.888)

 < 0.001

0.907 (0.815–1.009)

0.073

0.862 (0.822–0.905)

 < 0.001

0.882 (0.804–0.967)

0.008

Clinical T-stage

        

T1–2

Reference

   

Reference

   

T3–4

2.710 (2.584–2.841)

 < 0.001

  

2.636 (2.504–2.774)

 < 0.001

  

Lymph node metastasis

        

No

Reference

   

Reference

   

Yes

1.425 (1.359–1.494)

 < 0.001

  

1.406 (1.337–1.479)

 < 0.001

  

Distant metastasis

        

No

Reference

   

Reference

   

Yes

3.101 (2.965–3.244)

 < 0.001

  

3.031 (2.889–3.180)

 < 0.001

  

AJCC clinical stage

        

I–II

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

III–IV

3.210 (3.066–3.361)

 < 0.001

2.807 (2.519–3.041)

 < 0.001

3.105 (2.956–3.261)

 < 0.001

2.816 (2.622–3.023)

 < 0.001

Surgery

        

No

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Yes

0.370 (0.355–0.387)

 < 0.001

0.575 (0.519–0.637)

 < 0.001

0.345 (0.332–0.359)

 < 0.001

0.525 (0.481–0.573)

 < 0.001

Radiation

        

No

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Yes

0.605 (0.578–0.634)

 < 0.001

0.908 (0.820–1.006)

0.065

0.602 (0.573–0.632)

 < 0.001

0.966 (0.882–1.057)

0.450

Chemotherapy

        

No

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Yes

0.848 (0.821–0.875)

 < 0.001

0.801 (0.738–0.869)

 < 0.001

0.837 (0.810–0.865)

 < 0.001

0.673 (0.627–0.722)

 < 0.001

Histologic grade

        

Well-moderate

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Poor-undifferentiated

1.838 (1.774–1.903)

 < 0.001

1.632 (1.527–1.745)

 < 0.001

1.826 (1.759–1.894)

 < 0.001

1.686 (1.589–1.789)

 < 0.001

Histology

        

Non-SRC

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

SRC

1.184 (1.063–1.320)

0.002

1.256 (1.035–1.523)

0.021

1.157 (1.027–1.304)

0.016

1.211 (1.012–1.447)

0.036

Year of diagnosis

        

1998–2009

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

2010–2016

0.796 (0.771–0.823)

 < 0.001

0.912 (0.848–0.981)

0.013

0.800 (0.773–0.828)

 < 0.001

0.884 (0.834–0.937)

 < 0.001

Marital status

        

Unmarried

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Married

0.819 (0.796–0.842)

 < 0.001

0.865 (0.809–0.924)

 < 0.001

1.249 (1.213–1.286)

 < 0.001

1.221 (1.151–1.295)

 < 0.001

  1. HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, AJCC American Joint Committee on Cancer, SRC signet ring cell carcinoma
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BMC Gastroenterology

ISSN: 1471-230X

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