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Table 4 Differences in sex, age, smoking, dietary habits and Hp infection in different regions (OLGA-0 group)

From: Serum pepsinogen levels in different regions of China and its influencing factors: a multicenter cross-sectional study

Ā 

Total (nā€‰=ā€‰1590)

Southern China (nā€‰=ā€‰254)

Eastern China (nā€‰=ā€‰574)

Southwest China (nā€‰=ā€‰210)

Northeast China (nā€‰=ā€‰332)

Central/Northern China (nā€‰=ā€‰220)

p value

Age(years), mean (SD)

51.9(9.9)

52.9 (8.6)a

49.1 (9.8)b

49.3 (9.3)b

55.9 (8.5)c

54.6 (11.2)ac

Ā 

Gender

0.025

Ā Male, n (%)

866

133 (52.4)ab

341 (59.4)b

117 (55.7)ab

164 (49.4)a

111 (50.5)ab

Ā 

Ā Female, n (%)

724

121 (47.6)

233 (40.6)

93 (44.3)

168 (50.6)

109 (49.5)

Ā 

Hp infection

<ā€‰0.001

Ā Positive, n (%)

583

137 (53.9)a

235 (40.9)b

69 (32.9)bc

97 (29.2)cd

45 (20.5)d

Ā 

Ā Negative, n (%)

1007

117 (46.1)

339 (59.1)

141 (67.1)

235 (70.8)

175 (79.5)

Ā 

Nationality

Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā 

<ā€‰0.001

Ā Minority, n (%)

101

32 (12.6)a

0 (0)b

16 (7.6)a

33 (9.9)a

20 (9.1)a

Ā 

Ā Han nationality, n (%)

1489

222 (87.4)

574 (100)

194 (92.4)

299 (90.1)

200 (90.9)

Ā 

High salt diet

Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā 

<ā€‰0.001

Ā Yes, n (%)

240

41 (16.1)a

30 (5.2)b

37 (17.6)a

108 (32.5)c

24 (10.9)a

Ā 

Ā No, n (%)

1350

213 (84.9)

544 (94.8)

173 (82.4)

224 (67.5)

196 (89.1)

Ā 

Fruits

Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā 

<ā€‰0.001

Ā Frequently

1005

101 (39.8)a

524 (91.3)b

122 (58.1)c

189 (56.9)c

124 (56.4)c

Ā 

Ā Occasionally

585

153 (60.2)

50 (8.7)

88 (41.9)

143 (43.1)

96 (43.6)

Ā 

Vegetables

Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā 

<ā€‰0.001

Ā Frequently

1416

208 (81.9)a

547 (95.3)b

184 (87.6)a

291 (87.6)a

186 (84.5)a

Ā 

Ā Occasionally

174

46 (18.1)

27 (4.7)

26 (12.4)

41 (12.3)

34 (15.5)

Ā 

Dairy intake

Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā 

<ā€‰0.001

Ā Frequently

373

19 (7.5)a

179 (31.2)b

90 (42.9)c

91 (27.4)b

57 (25.9)b

Ā 

Ā Occasionally

1217

235 (92.5)

395 (68.8)

120 (57.1)

241 (72.6)

163 (74.1)

Ā 

Smoking

Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā 

<ā€‰0.001

Ā Yes

410

80 (31.4)a

144 (25.1)b

53 (25.2)b

39 (11.7)c

94 (42.7)a

Ā 

Ā No

1180

172 (68.5)

430 (74.9)

157 (74.8)

293 (88.3)

126 (57.3)

Ā 
  1. a,b,c,d,epā€‰>ā€‰0.05 when groups share the same letter. p value refers to comparison among the five regions