Mortality rates and risk factors in 1412 Japanese patients with decompensated hepatitis C virus-related cirrhosis: a retrospective long-term cohort study

Table 2 Predictive factors of mortality in the 1412 patients with decompensated HCV-related cirrhosis

Factor	Category	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
Factor	Category	HR	95% CI	P-value^a	HR	(95% CI)	P-value^a
Demographic
Sex	Male	1			1
	Female	1.34	1.19–1.5	< 0.001	0.90	0.78–1.03	0.1174
Age, years	< 68	1			1
	≥ 68	1.78	1.58–2.01	< 0.001	1.70	1.48–1.95	< 0.001
Child–Pugh classification	B	1			1
	C	1.66	1.34–2.07	< 0.001	1.98	1.54–2.54	< 0.001
History of HCC	No	1			1
	Yes	3.06	2.68–3.49	< 0.001	2.61	2.27–3.01	< 0.001
Esophageal varices	No	1
	Yes	1.08	0.93–1.29	0.4592
Type 2 diabetes mellitus	No	1
	Yes	1.10	0.96–1.26	0.1792
Hypertension	No	1
	Yes	1.13	1.00–1.29	0.0581
Laboratory
Serum AST, IU/L	< 2 × ULN	1			1
	≥ 2 × ULN/L	1.19	1.06–1.34	0.0034	0.88	0.77–1.00	0.0502
Serum ALT, IU/L	< 2 × ULN	1
	≥ 2 × ULN	1.13	0.95–1.35	0.1792
γ-GGT, U/L	< 50	1			1
	≥ 50	1.15	1.02–1.29	0.0214	1.37	1.20–1.56	< 0.001
eGFR, mL/min	≥ 77.8	1			1
	< 77.8	1.57	1.39–1.77	< 0.001	1.29	1.13–1.47	< 0.001
Sodium, mEq/L	≥ 140	1			1
	< 140	1.45	1.29–1.64	< 0.001	1.29	1.13–1.47	0.0022
Platelets, × 10³/mm³	≥ 8.2	1			1
	< 8.2	1.36	1.21–1.53	< 0.001	1.21	1.07–1.38	0.0024
AFP, μg/L	< 33.9	1			1
	≥ 33.9	1.43	1.27–1.61	< 0.001	1.28	1.13–1.46	< 0.001

AFP, alpha-fetoprotein; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; CI, confidence interval; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; γ-GGT, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HR, hazard ratio
^aSignificance was determined using the Cox proportional hazard model. The ten variables that were significant in the univariate analysis were entered into the multivariate analysis to identify significant independent factors. Multivariate analysis was performed using the significant factors in univariate analysis (P < 0.05)

ISSN: 1471-230X