Table 2 The relationship of pNEN patients with liver metastases and clinicopathological factors in the training group and the validation group
Characteristic | Training group | P | Validation group | P | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total (%) | Live-metastasis | Total (%) | Live-metastasis | |||||
Yes (n = 419) | NO (n = 1555) | Yes (n = 222) | No (n = 764) | |||||
Age | 0.867 | 0.055 | ||||||
< 65 | 1293 (65.5) | 273 (65.2) | 1020 (65.6) | 616 (62.5) | 126 (56.8) | 490 (64.1) | ||
≥ 65 | 681 (34.5) | 146 (34.8) | 535 (34.4) | 370 (37.5) | 96 (43.2) | 274 (35.9) | ||
Sex | 0.036 | 0.025 | ||||||
Male | 1060 (53.7) | 244 (58.2) | 816 (52.5) | 566 (57.4) | 142 (64.0) | 424 (55.5) | ||
Female | 914 (46.3) | 175 (41.8) | 739 (47.5) | 420 (42.6) | 80 (36.0) | 340 (44.5) | ||
Race | 0.077 | 0.064 | ||||||
White | 1511 (76.5) | 333 (79.5) | 1178 (75.8) | 757 (76.8) | 183 (82.4) | 574 (75.1) | ||
Black | 242 (12.3) | 52 (12.4) | 190 (12.2) | 105 (10.6) | 16 (7.2) | 89 (11.6) | ||
Other | 221 (11.2) | 34 (8.1) | 187 (12.0) | 124 (12.6) | 23 (10.4) | 101 (13.2) | ||
Primary site | < 0.001 | 0.041 | ||||||
Head | 614 (31.1) | 132 (31.5) | 482 (31.0) | 263 (26.7) | 61 (27.5) | 202 (26.4) | ||
Body | 302 (15.3) | 29 (6.9) | 273 (17.6) | 164 (16.6) | 27 (12.2) | 137 (17.9) | ||
Tail | 695 (35.2) | 151 (36.0) | 544 (35.0) | 353 (35.8) | 75 (33.8) | 278 (36.4) | ||
Other | 363 (18.4) | 107 (25.5) | 256 (16.5) | 206 (20.9) | 59 (26.6) | 147 (19.2) | ||
Grade | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||||
G1 | 1386 (70.2) | 188 (44.9) | 1198 (77.0) | 682 (69.2) | 99 (44.6) | 583 (76.3) | ||
G2 | 374 (18.9) | 102 (24.3) | 272 (17.5) | 203 (20.6) | 63 (28.4) | 140 (18.3) | ||
G3 | 214 (10.8) | 129 (30.8) | 85 (5.5) | 101 (10.2) | 60 (27.0) | 41 (5.4) | ||
Marital status | 0.351 | 0.670 | ||||||
Married | 1209 (61.2) | 244 (58.2) | 965 (62.1) | 605 (61.4) | 131 (59.0) | 474 (62.0) | ||
Unmarried | 335 (17.0) | 78 (18.6) | 257 (16.5) | 178 (18.1) | 44 (19.8) | 134 (17.5) | ||
Other | 430 (21.8) | 97 (23.2) | 333 (21.4) | 203 (20.6) | 47 (21.2) | 156 (20.4) | ||
T stage | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||||
T1 | 591 (29.9) | 15 (3.6) | 576 (37.0) | 302 (30.6) | 7 (3.2) | 295 (38.6) | ||
T2 | 635 (32.2) | 120 (28.6) | 515 (33.1) | 313 (31.7) | 62 (27.9) | 251 (32.9) | ||
T3 | 526 (26.6) | 152 (36.3) | 374 (24.1) | 254 (25.8) | 82 (36.9) | 172 (22.5) | ||
T4 | 93 (4.7) | 52 (12.4) | 41 (2.6) | 54 (5.5) | 32 (14.4) | 22 (2.9) | ||
Unspecific | 129 (6.5) | 80 (19.1) | 49 (3.2) | 63 (6.4) | 39 (17.6) | 24 (3.1) | ||
N stage | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||||
N0 | 1364 (69.1) | 182 (43.4) | 1182 (76.0) | 705 (71.5) | 112 (50.5) | 593 (77.6) | ||
N1 | 534 (27.1) | 198 (47.3) | 336 (21.6) | 239 (24.2) | 82 (36.9) | 157 (20.5) | ||
Unspecific | 76 (3.9) | 39 (9.3) | 37 (2.4) | 42 (4.3) | 28 (12.6) | 14 (1.8) | ||
Tumor size | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||||
< 2 | 592 (30.0) | 18 (4.3) | 574 (36.9) | 288 (29.2) | 6 (2.7) | 282 (36.9) | ||
2—4 | 636 (32.2) | 102 (24.3) | 534 (34.3) | 322 (32.7) | 67 (30.2) | 255 (33.4) | ||
≥ 4 | 637 (32.3) | 238 (56.8) | 399 (25.7) | 328 (33.3) | 120 (54.1) | 208 (27.2) | ||
Unspecific | 109 (5.5) | 61 (14.6) | 48 (3.1) | 48 (4.9) | 29 (13.1) | 19 (2.5) | ||
Other site metastasis | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||||
Yes | 73 (3.7) | 52 (12.4) | 21 (1.4) | 36 (3.7) | 24 (10.8) | 12 (1.6) | ||
No | 1901 (96.3) | 367 (87.6) | 1534 (98.6) | 950 (96.3) | 198 (89.2) | 752 (98.4) | ||
Functional status | 0.426 | 0.068 | ||||||
Functional | 147 (7.4) | 35 (8.4) | 112 (7.2) | 76 (7.7) | 24 (10.8) | 52 (6.8) | ||
Nonfunctional | 1827 (92.6) | 384 (91.6) | 1443 (92.8) | 910 (92.3) | 198 (89.2) | 712 (93.2) | ||