Table 4 Symptoms, classification, and risk factors of ESLD patients at presentation
HCC n/Na (%) | Cirrhosis n/Na (%) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Abdominal pain or discomfort | 110/129 (85.2) | 122/204 (59.8) | < 0.001 |
Jaundice | 38/128 (29.7) | 59/204 (28.9) | 0.88 |
Weight loss | 115/128 (89.8) | 172/204 (84.3) | 0.15 |
Anorexia | 67/128 (52.3) | 64/205 (31.2) | < 0.001 |
Fever | 61/126 (48.4) | 85/203 (41.9) | 0.25 |
Ascites (clinically determined) | |||
None | 60/133 (45.1) | 57/203 (28.1) | 0.001 |
Mild | 24/133 (18.0) | 60/203 (29.6) | 0.02 |
Moderate–Severe | 49/133 (36.8) | 86/203 (42.4) | 0.3 |
Hepatic encephalopathy | |||
None | 118/129 (91.5) | 194/202 (96.0) | 0.08 |
Grade 1–2 | 11/129 (8.5) | 8/202 (4.0) | 0.08 |
Child–Pugh Class | |||
A | 12/32 (37.5) | 17/83 (20.5) | 0.01 |
B | 15/32 (46.8) | 35/83 (42.2) | 0.9 |
C | 5/32 (15.6%) | 31/83 (37.3) | 0.01 |
Risk factors | |||
HBV | 98 (69.5) | 102 (47.2) | < 0.001 |
HCV | 9 (6.4) | 8 (3.7) | 0.3 |
Alcohol | 15 (10.6) | 63 (29.2) | < 0.001 |
Autoimmune | 1 (0.7) | 4 (1.9) | 0.3 |
NAFLD | 0 (0) | 3 (1.4) | 0.1 |
Unknownb | 22 (15.6) | 40 (18.5) | 0.4 |