Table 4 Clinical intervention characteristics

James et al. [49]

RS1, RS2

HAMS added to bread, cereal and muffins

5 g (low dose)

15 g (high dose)

In diet for 17 days (3 day ramp-up period of 25% of total increase per day)

Aminosalicylates immunomodulators Corticosteroids

None

14 days

Clarke et al. [48]

RS 2

HAMS added to milk-based chocolate custards

20 g

Daily for 6 days

None

None

Hanai et al. [46]

RS 1

GBF, unclear administration

6.4 g

In diet daily for 12 months

Aminosalicylates

Corticosteroids

N/A

Hallert et al. [47]

RS 1

4 slices of oat bran–enriched bread and 37 mL of oat bran suspended in water, juice, or yogurt

0.6 g

In diet daily for 12 weeks

Aminosalicylates

Corticosteroids Immunosuppressive agent

N/A

Kanauchi et al. [38, 45]

RS 1

GBF

6.4–10.2 g

In diet daily for 24 weeks

Aminosalicylates

Corticosteroids

N/A

Silvester et al. [43]

RS 2, RS3

13 different foods with about three-quarters of the amount fed in the MRS and HRS test diets from potato flour biscuits and bananas

High: 34.8 g (32.9–36.0)

Medium: 17.3 g (16.5–17.9)

Low: 2.9 g (2.6–3.2)

Potato flour: 11.8 g

Diet period was 5 days (control, low, medium, high, potato for 1 day each)

Naproxen

NR

Mitsuyama et al. [44]

RS 1

GBF, oral administration

10.2 g

Daily (split 3 times a day) for 4 weeks

Aminosalicylates

Corticosteroids

N/A