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Table 4 Comparison of intraoperative factors between HALS and laparoscopic groups

From: Vertical distance from navel as a risk factor for bowel obstruction associated with feeding jejunostomy after esophagectomy: a retrospective cohort study

Variable

Total

HALS

Laparoscopic

p value

univariate

n (%) or median (range)

Patients

70

28

42

 

Intraoperative factors

    

Distance between navel and jejunostomy

    

Straight distance (mm)

66 (37–150)

97 (51–150)

57 (37–111)

< 0.001**

Vertical distance (mm)

54 (17–135)

83 (28–135)

42 (17–98)

< 0.001**

Horizontal distance (mm)

39 (14–60)

47 (22–60)

32 (14–60)

< 0.001**

Surgical duration (min)

451 (309–613)

417 (309–498)

491 (351–613)

< 0.001*

Estimated blood loss (mL)

119 (1–1030)

145 (5–1030)

75 (1–650)

0.051**

Length of button (cm)

4.0 (3.0–5.0)

4.0 (3.0–4.0)

4.0 (3.0–5.0)

0.030*

  1. HALS, hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery
  2. *Unpaired t test
  3. **Mann–Whitney test