Table 3 Characteristics and intraoperative factors in patients who underwent esophagectomy under HALS
Variable | Total | With BOFJ | Without BOFJ | p value (univariate) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) or median (range) | ||||
Patients | 28 | 6 | 22 | |
Preoperative factors | ||||
Age (years) | 67 (52–86) | 64 (52–82) | 69 (52–86) | 0.622* |
Sex | ||||
Male | 27 (96%) | 5 (19%) | 22 (81%) | 0.051† |
Female | 1 (4%) | 1 (100%) | 0 (0%) | |
BMI (kg/m2) | 19 (12–26) | 20 (15–26) | 19 (12–26) | 0.462* |
Serum total protein (mg/dL) | 7.0 (5.9–7.5) | 7.1 (6.3–7.5) | 6.9 (5.9–7.5) | 0.421* |
Serum albumin (mg/dL) | 4.1 (3.2–4.9) | 4.3 (3.3–4.3) | 4.0 (3.2–4.9) | 0.878* |
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy | 1 (3.6%) | 0 | 1 (100%) | 0.595† |
Adjuvant chemotherapy | 24 (86%) | 5 (21%) | 19 (79%) | 0.851† |
Pathological stage | ||||
I | 9 (32%) | 4 (44%) | 5 (56%) | 0.221† |
II | 6 (21%) | 1 (17%) | 5 (83%) | |
III | 12 (43%) | 1 (8%) | 11 (92%) | |
IV | 1 (4%) | 0 | 1 (100%) | |
COPD | 2 (7.1%) | 1 (50%) | 1 (50%) | 0.307† |
Hypertension | 8 (29%) | 1 (12%) | 7 (88%) | 0.466† |
Current smoker | 14 (50%) | 5 (36%) | 9 (64%) | 0.065† |
Intraoperative factors | ||||
Distance between navel and jejunostomy | ||||
Straight distance (mm) | 97 (51–150) | 117 (101–130) | 89 (51–150) | < 0.001* |
Vertical distance (mm) | 83 (28–135) | 107 (93–120) | 79 (28–135) | 0.010* |
Horizontal distance (mm) | 47 (22–60) | 48 (40–59) | 46 (22–60) | 0.199* |
Surgical duration (min) | 417 (309–498) | 409 (347–464) | 421 (309–498) | 0.860* |
Estimated blood loss (mL) | 145 (5–1030) | 122 (90–150) | 173 (5–1030) | 0.341** |
Length of button (cm) | 4.0 (3.0–4.0) | 3.5 (3.0–4.0) | 4.0 (3.0–4.0) | 0.475** |