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Table 2 Prognostic factors for recurrence-free survival identified by univariate and multivariate analyses (n = 139)

From: Impact of low skeletal muscle mass index and perioperative blood transfusion on the prognosis for HCC following curative resection

    

Univariate

Multivariate

Variables

n (%)

3-year survival

5-year survival

P-value

HR

95% CI

P-value

Male sex

110 (79%)

45.8%

41.2%

0.180

   

Female sex

29 (21%)

56.6%

40.4%

    

Age (years)

  ≤ 80

109 (78%)

24.9%

24.9%

0.084

   

  > 80

30 (22%)

52.4%

45.2%

    

BMI (kg/m2)

  > 25

34 (25%)

48.0%

48.0%

0.699

   

  ≤ 25

105 (75%)

48.3%

39.3%

    

ALBI

 grade III

30 (22%)

49.5%

44.6%

0.708

   

  < grade III

109 (78%)

47.7%

40.1%

    

HBV

 (+)

27 (19%)

63.2%

47.7%

0.236

   

 (−)

112 (81%)

44.1%

37.7%

    

HCV

 (+)

70 (50%)

40.8%

38.6%

0.163

   

 (−)

69 (50%)

56.4%

44.2%

    

DM

 (+)

29 (21%)

57.5%

43.6%

0.674

   

 (−)

110 (79%)

45.2%

39.9%

    

NLR

  ≥ 4

13 (9%)

19.4%

19.4%

0.279

   

  < 4

126 (91%)

49.9%

42.5%

    

PLT (×104/μL)

 normal (13–35)

97 (70%)

50.4%

42.4%

0.595

   

 abnormal

42 (30%)

44.1%

39.2%

    

Hb (g/dL)

 normal (13.5–15.8)

95 (68%)

50.5%

41.6%

0.795

   

 abnormal

44 (32%)

44.3%

40.9%

    

PT (%)

 normal (70–130)

125 (90%)

50.5%

42.5%

0.125

   

 abnormal

14 (10%)

28.8%

28.8%

    

AST (U/L)

 normal (13–33)

71 (51%)

45.6%

33.9%

0.888

   

 abnormal

68 (49%)

51.1%

48.1%

    

ALT (U/L)

 normal (8–42)

100 (72%)

48.8%

41.0%

0.770

   

 abnormal

39 (28%)

46.8%

40.9%

    

CHE (g/dL)

 normal (229–521)

77 (55%)

53.8%

44.9%

0.251

   

 abnormal

62 (45%)

41.7%

36.4%

    

Alb (g/dL)

 normal (4.0–5.0)

115 (83%)

48.5%

39.8%

0.878

   

 abnormal

24 (17%)

46.7%

46.7%

    

T-chol (mg/dL)

 normal (128–219)

118 (85%)

49.4%

43.0%

0.907

   

 abnormal

20 (14%)

42.1%

31.6%

    

PIVKA-II (mAU/mL)

 normal (< 40)

62 (45%)

61.0%

51.0%

0.048

1.321

0.778–2.240

0.320

 abnormal

77 (55%)

37.7%

33.0%

    

AFP (ng/mL)

 normal (> 10)

68 (49%)

58.8%

48.9%

0.036

1.612

0.960–2.707

0.071

 abnormal

68 (49%)

38.7%

33.5%

    

Tumor number

 solitary

113 (81%)

51.8%

44.5%

0.025

1.810

1.025–3.197

0.041

 multiple

26 (19%)

31.4%

18.8%

    

Tumor size

 3 cm <

71 (51%)

49.5%

43.4%

0.938

   

  ≤ 3 cm

54 (39%)

52.6%

42.7%

    

Poor differentiation

20 (14%)

42.1%

28.1%

0.337

   

Others (well, moderately)

119 (86%)

49.3%

43.6%

    

IM

 (+)

19 (14%)

5.6%

5.6%

< 0.001

4.115

2.255–7.510

< 0.001

 (−)

120 (86%)

56.1%

47.5%

    

Vp

 (+)

26 (19%)

28.4%

28.4%

0.016

1.490

0.824–2.695

0.187

 (−)

113 (81%)

52.8%

43.5%

    

Low SMI

86 (62%)

46.1%

39.8%

0.335

   

High SMI

53 (38%)

51.9%

43.9%

    

Blood transfusion

 (+)

22 (16%)

24.6%

24.6%

0.008

2.288

1.244–4.207

0.008

 (−)

117 (84%)

52.4%

44.4%

    
  1. Variables in bold are statistically significant (P < 0.05). Abbreviations: BMI, Body mass index; ALBI, albumin-bilirubin; HBV, hepatitis type B; HCV, hepatitis type C; DM, diabetes mellitus; NLR, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; PLT, platelets; Hb, hemoglobin; PT, prothrombin time; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; CHE, cholinesterase; Alb, albumin; T-chol, total-cholesterol; PIVKAII, protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II; AFP, α-fetoprotein; IM, intrahepatic metastasis; Vp, portal vain invasion; SMI, skeletal muscle mass index