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Table 1 Baseline demographic and clinical patient characteristics

From: Bile pigment in small-bowel water content may reflect bowel habits: a retrospective analysis of a capsule endoscopy imaging series

 

Defecation phenotype

P valued

Normal bowel habitsan = 77

Constipationan = 37

Diarrheaan = 20

Demographics

 Age ≥ 75 years

28 (10)

10 (27)

5 (25)

.64

 Male sex

44 (57)

19 (51)

11 (55)

.91

Psychosocial history

 Smoking

11 (14)

8 (22)

4 (20)

.77

 Alcohol consumption

27 (35)

11 (30)

9 (45)

.68

Comorbidity

 Hypertension

37 (48)

20 (54)

6 (30)

.34

 Diabetes mellitus

8 (10)

6 (16)

5 (25)

.41

 Hyperlipidemia

19 (25)

5 (14)

4 (20)

.52

 Cardiovascular disease

17 (22)

12 (32)

3 (15)

.46

 Chronic liver diseaseb

4 (5)

1 (3)

2 (10)

.83

 Chronic kidney diseasec

26 (34)

10 (27)

4 (20)

.62

Current medications

 NSAIDs

7 (9)

3 (8)

2 (10)

.96

 Antithrombotic agents

16 (21)

8 (22)

3 (15)

.96

 PPI

20 (26)

13 (35)

7 (35)

.70

  1. NSAIDs Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, PPI proton pump inhibitor
  2. aData are expressed as numbers and (%) of patients. bViral etiologies included infection with the hepatitis B or C virus. Non-viral etiologies included alcoholic hepatitis and autoimmune hepatitis. There were no patients with decompensated cirrhosis in the initial population. cSustained renal malfunction defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate of < 60 mL/min.1.73 m2. dThe chi-square test for the 3 × 2 contingency table was used to compare categorical data
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BMC Gastroenterology

ISSN: 1471-230X

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