Table 6 Summarization of recent studies of risks of surgical site infection after pancreaticoduodenectomy
From: Predictors of surgical site infection after pancreaticoduodenectomy
Author (year) | Type of study | No. of patients | Incidence of SSI (%) | Percent of malignancy (%) | Risk factors of surgical site infection |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Poluk K. E (2016) [37] | Single center retrospective | 679 | 17.2 | – | Pre-operative biliary drainage, Neoadjuvant chemotherapy |
Zhang L (2016) [9] | Single center retrospective | 212 | 29a | 80 | Pancreatic fistula, Blood transfusion |
Barreto S. G (2015) [7] | Single center retrospective | 277 | 35 | 81 | Pre-operative biliary stent insertion, Non-diabetic endocrine co-morbidity. |
De Pastena M (2017) [17] | Single center retrospective | 893 | 45.8†| – | Pre-operative biliary drainage |
Sugiura T (2012) [8] | Single center retrospective | 408 | 51 | 90 | Long operative time, High Body Mass Index, Pancreatic fistula, Semi-close suction drain, Main pancreatic duct < 3 mm, Abdominal wall fat thickness > 10 mm. |
Burkhart R. A (2017) [2] | Single center retrospective | 394 | 19.8 | 71.1 | Pre-operative biliary drainage, neoadjuvant therapy, prior abdominal surgery |
Shinkawa H (2018) [10] | Single center retrospective | 106 | 14.2 | – | Nutritional risk index, Pancreatic fistula |
Gavazzi F (2016) [35] | Single center retrospective | 180 | 52.3 | 86 | Pre-operative biliary stent, Cardiac disease, BMI > 25 mg/m2 |
Okano K (2015) [30] | Multi center retrospective | 4147 | 27.1 | 90 | Male sex, age 70 years or more, Body mass index at least 25 kg/m2, Other previous malignancy, Liver disease, Bile contamination, Duration of surgery 7 h or longer, Intraoperative blood transfusion, Soft pancreas |