Table 2 Variables associated with incisional surgical site infection (SSI)
From: Predictors of surgical site infection after pancreaticoduodenectomy
| SSI | Univariate | Multivariate | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | p value | OR (95% CI) | p value | |
| Age in years, mean ± SD | 1.006 (0.97–1.03) | 0.657 | ||
| BMI, median (range) | 1.015 (0.94–1.09) | 0.677 | ||
| Sex, n (%) | ||||
| Male | 1 | |||
| Female | 0.751 (0.41–1.37) | 0.352 | ||
| Comorbidities, n (%) | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 0.737 (0.37–1.43) | 0.368 | ||
| Hypertension | 1.246 (0.68–2.27) | 0.473 | ||
| Dyslipidemia | 0.638 (0.31–1.29) | 0.214 | ||
| Renal insufficiency | 1.690 (0.30–9.47) | 0.550 | ||
| ASA class, n (%), n = 242 | ||||
| II | 1 | |||
| III | 0.833 (0.45–1.52) | 0.554 | ||
| Smoking, n (%) | 1.504 (0.81–2.78) | 0.195 | ||
| Previous biliary intervention, n (%) | 3.182 (1.47–6.87) | 0.003 | 3.041 (1.36–6.79) | 0.007 |
| WBC, mean ± SD | 0.958 (0.85–1.08) | 0.496 | ||
| Platelet ×103, median (range) | 0.794 (0.58–1.07) | 0.130 | ||
| Hemoglobin in g/dL, median (range) | 1.058 (0.94–1.17) | 0.303 | ||
| BUN in mg/dL, median (range) | 0.999 (0.95–1.05) | 0.971 | ||
| Creatinine in mg/dL, median (range) | 1.082 (0.84–1.38) | 0.532 | ||
| Total bilirubin in mg/d/L, median (range) | 0.971 (0.92–1.02) | 0.260 | ||
| Albumin in g/L, mean ± SD | 0.999 (0.94–1.05) | 0.975 | ||
| Pre-operative cholangitis, n(%) | 3.375 (0.20–54.82) | 0.392 | 2.647 (0.75–9.23) | 0.127 |
| Operative time in min, median (range) | 1.205 (0.96–1.50) | 0.098 | ||
| Blood loss in ml, median (range) | 0.980 (0.74–1.28) | 0.888 | ||
| Complications, n (%) | ||||
| Pancreatic fistula | ||||
| No | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 3.250 (1.73–6.09) | 0.000 | 2.783 (1.43–5.38) | 0.002 |
| Bile leakage | 2.117 (0.73–6.10) | 0.165 | ||
| Delayed gastric emptying | 3.006 (1.28–7.06) | 0.012 | ||
| Chyle leakage | 2.586 (0.84–7.93) | 0.097 | ||
| Diagnosis, n (%) | ||||
| Benign | 1 | |||
| Malignant | 1.040 (0.58–1.84) | 0.892 | ||