Table 2 Variables associated with incisional surgical site infection (SSI)
From: Predictors of surgical site infection after pancreaticoduodenectomy
SSI | Univariate | Multivariate | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | p value | OR (95% CI) | p value | |
Age in years, mean ± SD | 1.006 (0.97–1.03) | 0.657 |  |  |
BMI, median (range) | 1.015 (0.94–1.09) | 0.677 |  |  |
Sex, n (%) | ||||
 Male | 1 |  |  |  |
 Female | 0.751 (0.41–1.37) | 0.352 |  |  |
Comorbidities, n (%) | ||||
 Diabetes mellitus | 0.737 (0.37–1.43) | 0.368 |  |  |
 Hypertension | 1.246 (0.68–2.27) | 0.473 |  |  |
 Dyslipidemia | 0.638 (0.31–1.29) | 0.214 |  |  |
 Renal insufficiency | 1.690 (0.30–9.47) | 0.550 |  |  |
ASA class, n (%), n = 242 | ||||
 II | 1 |  |  |  |
 III | 0.833 (0.45–1.52) | 0.554 |  |  |
Smoking, n (%) | 1.504 (0.81–2.78) | 0.195 |  |  |
Previous biliary intervention, n (%) | 3.182 (1.47–6.87) | 0.003 | 3.041 (1.36–6.79) | 0.007 |
WBC, mean ± SD | 0.958 (0.85–1.08) | 0.496 |  |  |
Platelet ×103, median (range) | 0.794 (0.58–1.07) | 0.130 |  |  |
Hemoglobin in g/dL, median (range) | 1.058 (0.94–1.17) | 0.303 |  |  |
BUN in mg/dL, median (range) | 0.999 (0.95–1.05) | 0.971 |  |  |
Creatinine in mg/dL, median (range) | 1.082 (0.84–1.38) | 0.532 |  |  |
Total bilirubin in mg/d/L, median (range) | 0.971 (0.92–1.02) | 0.260 |  |  |
Albumin in g/L, mean ± SD | 0.999 (0.94–1.05) | 0.975 |  |  |
Pre-operative cholangitis, n(%) | 3.375 (0.20–54.82) | 0.392 | 2.647 (0.75–9.23) | 0.127 |
Operative time in min, median (range) | 1.205 (0.96–1.50) | 0.098 |  |  |
Blood loss in ml, median (range) | 0.980 (0.74–1.28) | 0.888 |  |  |
Complications, n (%) | ||||
 Pancreatic fistula | ||||
  No | 1 |  | 1 |  |
  Yes | 3.250 (1.73–6.09) | 0.000 | 2.783 (1.43–5.38) | 0.002 |
 Bile leakage | 2.117 (0.73–6.10) | 0.165 |  |  |
 Delayed gastric emptying | 3.006 (1.28–7.06) | 0.012 |  |  |
 Chyle leakage | 2.586 (0.84–7.93) | 0.097 |  |  |
Diagnosis, n (%) | ||||
 Benign | 1 |  |  |  |
 Malignant | 1.040 (0.58–1.84) | 0.892 |  |  |