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Table 1 Patient characteristics and demographic data

From: Predictors of surgical site infection after pancreaticoduodenectomy

SSI

Total

(n = 280)

Non-SSI

(n = 190)

SSI

(n = 90)

p value

Age in years, mean ± SD

59.98 ± 10.79

59.81 ± 10.70

60.36 ± 11.01

0.687

BMI, median (range)

22.36 (15.11, 38.95)

21.94 (15.11, 38.95)

22.60 (16.22, 34.06)

0.040

Sex, n (%)

 Male

148 (52.86)

100 (52.63)

48 (53.33)

0.913

 Female

132 (47.14)

90 (47.37)

42 (46.67)

 

Comorbidities, n (%)

 Diabetes mellitus

81 (28.93)

62 (32.63)

19 (21.11)

0.047

 Hypertension

108 (38.57)

70 (36.84)

38 (42.22)

0.388

 Dyslipidemia

76 (27.14)

56 (29.47)

20 (22.22)

0.203

 Renal insufficiency

7 (2.50)

4 (2.11)

3 (3.33)

0.539

ASA class, n (%), n = 275

 I

6 (2.18)

3 (1.62)

3 (3.33)

0.811

 II

104 (37.82)

69 (37.30)

35 (38.89)

 

 III

156 (56.73)

106 (57.30)

50 (55.56)

 

 IV

8 (2.91)

6 (3.24)

2 (2.22)

 

 V(E)

1 (0.36)

1 (0.54)

0

 

Smoking, n (%)

84 (30.00)

56 (29.47)

28 (31.11)

0.780

Previous biliary intervention, n (%)

192 (68.57)

119 (62.63)

73 (81.11)

0.002

WBC, mean ± SD

7838 ± 2670

7953 ± 2665

7605 ± 2680

0.321

Platelet × 103, median (range)

300 (96, 715)

302 (96, 715)

124 (140, 548)

0.068

Hb in g/dL, median (range)

12 (3, 30.2)

12 (3, 30.2)

2.2 (8.5, 23.3)

0.349

BUN in mg/dL, median (range)

13 (4, 57)

13 (4, 57)

7 (5, 29)

0.712

Creatinine in mg/dL, median (range)

0.8 (0.3, 12)

0.8 (0.3, 11)

0.26 (0.33, 12)

0.734

Total bilirubin in mg/d/L, median (range)

1.6 (0.1, 35)

1.75 (0.2, 35)

3.4 (0.1, 30.3)

0.341

Albumin in g/L, mean ± SD

34.35 ± 5.32

34.55 ± 5.65

33.94 ± 4.57

0.377

Pre-operative cholangitis, n(%)

18 (6.43)

6 (3.16)

12 (13.33)

0.001

Operative time in min, median (range)

475 (240, 900)

435 (240, 900)

480 (240, 840)

0.078

Blood loss in ml, median (range)

800 (100, 13,000)

800 (100, 8000)

800 (150, 13,000)

0.757

Complications, n (%)

 Pancreatic fistula

  No

137 (48.93)

114 (60.00)

23 (25.56)

0.000

  Yes

143 (51.07)

76 (40.00)

67 (74.44)

 

  Bile leakage

20 (7.14)

10 (5.26)

10 (11.11)

0.076

  Delayed gastric emptying

29 (10.36)

14 (7.37)

15 (16.67)

0.017

  Chyle leakage

13 (4.64)

6 (3.16)

7 (7.78)

0.125

Duration of drain placement (day), median (rang) n = 238

13 (2, 266)

10 (2, 94)

23 (2, 266)

0.000

LOH in days, median (range)

16 (5, 320)

14 (5, 87)

28 (8, 320)

0.000

 Diagnosis, n (%)

  Benign

73 (26.07)

50 (26.32)

23 (25.56)

0.892

  Malignant

207 (73.93)

140 (73.68)

67 (74.44)

 
  1. SSI Surgical site infection, SD Standard deviation, BMI Body mass index, WBC White blood cell count, Hb Hemoglobin, BUN Blood urea nitrogen, LOH Length of hospital stay