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Table 3 Subgroup analysis on the risk of RA in IBD

From: The risk of rheumatoid arthritis among patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Subgroup analysis

No. of

Studies

Pooled estimates (random-effects model)

Relative risk (95% CI)

P value

I2 statistics

The risk of RA in IBD

8

2.59 (1.93–3.48)

0.000

94.2%

Study design

 Cross-sectional

3

2.84 (1.85–4.37)

0.000

88.1%

 Case-control

2

1.62 (0.32–8.07)

0.557

92.9%

 Retrospective cohort

3

3.16 (2.26–4.41)

0.000

89.4%

Age

 Children

1

9.60 (3.90–23.80)

0.000

–

 Adult

5

2.20 (1.53–3.17)

0.000

95.6%

 Children and adult

2

2.83 (1.29–6.21)

0.010

95.3%

Publication year

 Recent 5 years

5

2.42 (1.45–4.02)

0.001

95.5%

 Over 5 years

3

2.84 (1.85–4.37)

0.000

88.1%

Study duration

 10 years

3

2.94 (1.91–4.52)

0.000

88.3%

 4 years

2

1.76 (0.31–9.92)

0.522

98.4%

The risk of RA in CD

6

3.14 (2.46–4.01)

0.000

74.9%

Study design

 Cross-sectional

4

2.71 (2.14–3.42)

0.000

70.9%

 Retrospective cohort

2

4.37 (2.84–6.73)

0.000

38.8%

Age

 Children

1

15.70 (4.60–53.70)

0.000

–

 Adult

3

9.59 (3.86–23.83)

0.000

51.0%

 Children and adult

2

3.64 (1.66–8.00)

0.001

84.6%

Publication year

 Recent 5 years

2

4.37 (2.84–6.73)

0.000

38.8%

 Over 5 years

4

3.17 (2.05–4.90)

0.000

75.1%

The risk of RA in UC

5

2.29 (1.76–2.97)

0.000

84.7%

Study design

 Cross-sectional

4

2.15 (1.62–2.86)

0.000

83.6%

 Retrospective cohort

2

2.55 (1.11–5.87)

0.000

92.8%

Age

 Children

1

3.60 (0.80–16.10)

0.094

–

 Adult

3

2.22 (1.74–2.84)

0.000

81.4%

 Children and adult

2

2.41 (0.94–6.14)

0.066

95.4%

Publication year

 Recent 5 years

2

2.55 (1.11–5.87)

0.027

92.8%

 Over 5 years

4

2.15 (1.62–2.86)

0.000

83.6%

  1. CD Crohn Disease, IBD Inflammatory Bowel Disease, RA Rheumatoid Arthritis, UC Ulcerative Colitis