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Fig. 2 | BMC Gastroenterology

Fig. 2

From: Production of ERCP training model using a 3D printing technique (with video)

Fig. 2

Concepts for the ampulla of Vater and common bile duct (CBD) shapes. a Normal type: The ampulla orifice is located in the middle of the area and the width is 5 mm. The CBD is located at 11 o’clock and the width remains constant at 5 mm; b Variant 1: The ampulla orifice is located at the very bottom and is designed to cause cannulation difficulty. A short pancreatic orifice is also created for double guidewire method; c Variant 4: The ampulla orifice is expanded to facilitate stone removal. The distal CBD is extensively expanded so that stone insertion and stone movement are free; d Variant 6. The width of the CBD is constant, but the direction is very wavy and is designed to induce difficult guidewire insertion

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