Skip to main content

Table 2 Summary of related cases found in the literature

From: Duodenal perforations secondary to a migrated biliary plastic stent successfully treated by endoscope: case-report and review of the literature

Year

Sex/Age

Diagnosis

No. of stents

Diameter/length (manufacturer)

Stent type

Perforation-related symptoms and signs

Diagnostic method

Therapeutic method

Postoperative hospitalization (days)

Outcome

1993 [16]

F/55

Advanced GB cancer

1

10 Fr/15 cm biliary PS (Unmentioned)

straight

Fever and chills

CT

Endoscopic removal

Death

Death from advanced GB cancer

2000 [17]

M/74

HCCA

1

10 Fr/15 cm biliary PS (Unmentioned)

straight

Serve abdominal pain and vomiting

Endoscope

Endoscopic removal of PS and seal perforation by hemoclip

10

Improved

2006 [18]

M/55

Advanced HCCA with metastasis

1

Biliary PS (Unmentioned)

straight

Abdominal distention and epigastric tenderness

ERCP

Endoscopic removal of PS

Death

Death from Intraoperative subcutaneous emphysema

2006 [19]

M/74

Periampullary carcinoma

1

7 Fr/10 cm biliary PS (Amsterdam)

straight

Mild upper abdominal pain, vomiting and fever

Laparotomy

Laparotomy

Unmentioned

Recovery

2008 [20]

M/75

HCCA

2

Biliary PS (Unmentioned)

straight

Unknown

Endoscope

Laparotomy

Unmentioned

Recovery

2008 [21]

F/52

HCCA

1

8.5 Fr/10 cm biliary PS (Unmentioned)

straight

Fever and severe abdominal pain

Laparotomy

Laparotomy

Unmentioned

Recovery

2008 [22]

M/67

Periampullary carcinoma

1

10 Fr ST-2 biliary stent (Cook)

straight

Rigid abdomen

CT

Laparotomy

Death

Death from postoperative complications

2012 [23]

M/55

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

2

Biliary PS and pancreatic stent (Unmentioned)

straight

No symptoms

CT

Endoscopic removal

Unmentioned

Improved

2012 [24]

F/27

Benign Hilar biliary stricture

1

7 Fr/12 cm biliary PS (Unmentioned)

straight

Upper abdominal pain

CT

Laparotomy

3

Recovery

2013 [25]

M/51

CBD stone

1

10 Fr/10 cm biliary PS (Unmentioned)

straight

Deeply jaundiced and distended abdomen with diffuse tenderness and rigidity

CT

Laparotomy

12

Recovery

2014 [26]

M/67

Hilar biliary stricture after liver transplantation

1

8.5 Fr/10 cm biliary PS (Cotton-Leung; Wilson-COOK)

straight

Fever

CT

Laparotomy

Unmentioned

Death from postoperative sepsis

2015 [27]

M/48

Hilar biliary stricture after liver transplantation

1

biliary PS (Unmentioned)

straight

Abdominal pain and fever

CT

Endoscopic removal and seal perforation by over-the-scope clip

Unmentioned

Improved

2018 [28]

F/79

CBD stones and stricture

2

7 Fr/12 cm biliary PS; 10 Fr/15 cm biliary PS (Boston Scientific)

straight

Nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain

CT

Endoscopic removal by using Raptorâ„¢ grasping device and seal perforation by TTS endoclips

4

Recovery

2018 [29]

M/87

Acute cholangitis and CBD stones

1

10 Fr/15 cm biliary PS (Endo-FlexGmbH)

straight

Diffuse abdominal pain of growing intensity

CT

Laparotomy

Unmentioned

Recovery

2019 [30]

M/71

Cholangiocarcinoma

1

8.5 Fr/12 cm biliary PS (Unmentioned)

straight

Fever and abdominal pain

CT

Endoscopic removal and closure of perforation by over-the-scope clip. One 7 Fr/9 cm PS was positioned.

Unmentioned

Improved

2019 [31]

M/55

Post-cholecystec-tomy Biliary leak

1

10 Fr/10 cm biliary PS (CLSO, Cook)

straight

Distended abdomen and diffuse abdominal tenderness

CT

Endoscopic removal of PS by using snare and closure of perforation by Hemoclips

Unmentioned

Unmentioned

2019 [31]

M/78

GB cancer

2

7 Fr/10 cm, 12 cm biliary PS (CLSO, Cook)

straight

High fever and abdominal pain

CT

Endoscopic removal of stents by using rat-tooth forceps and closure of perforation by Hemoclips

Unmentioned

Improved

2019 [31]

M/72

Klaskin tumor, Bismuth type IIIa

1

10 Fr/12 cm biliary PS (Double Layer,Olympus)

straight

Abdomen pain with tenderness

CT

Endoscopic removal of PS by using snare and closure of perforation by hemoclips and fibrin glue

Unmentioned

Improved

2019 [31]

F/84

Klaskin tumor, Bismuth type IIIa

1

10 Fr/12 cm biliary PS (CLSO, Cook)

straight

Constant mild abdominal pain

CT

Endoscopic removal of PS by using snare and closure of perforation by hemoclips

Unmentioned

Improved

2019 [31]

F/73

GB cancer

1

10 Fr/15 cm biliary PS (CLSO, Cook)

straight

Recurrent

jaundice and abdominal pain

CT

Endoscopic removal of PS by using forceps forceps. Perforation was closed by Hemoclips. PTCD was performed

Unmentioned

Improved

  1. abbreviations: CBD Common bile duct, PS Plastic stent, Fr French, GB Gallbladder, HCCA Hilar cholangiocarcinoma;