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Table 1 Baseline characteristics

From: The effect of prophylactic hemoclips on the risk of delayed post-endoscopic mucosal resection bleed for upper and lower gastrointestinal lesions: a retrospective cohort study

 

Clip

No Clip

p value

Number of lesions

337 (51%)

320 (49%)

N/A

Age [years, Mean (SD)]b

63.83 (10.75)

64.38 (11.43)

0.5281

Sexb

  

0.5707

 Male

179 (53%)

176 (55%)

 

 Female

158 (47%)

144 (45%)

 

Lesion size [mm, Mean (SD)]

23.13 (14.90)

27.10 (23.13)

<  0.001

Lesion location

  

0.0894

 Upper

98 (29%)

74 (23%)

 

 Lower

239 (71%)

246 (77%)

 

Medicationsb

 Aspirin

62 (18.3%)

56 (17.5%)

0.7903

 NSAIDs

31 (9.3%)

20 (6.1%)

0.1209

 Anti-platelets

6 (1.8%)

16 (5.1%)

0.0209a

 Anti-coagulants

12 (3.6%)

9 (2.9%)

0.5968a

Final pathologic diagnosis

 Adenoma

186 (55.19%)

196 (61.25%)

0.1157

 Hyperplastic

18 (5.34%)

10 (3.13%)

0.1598

 Serrated Adenoma

37 (10.98%)

29 (9.06%)

0.4140

 Adenocarcinoma

17 (5.04%)

36 (11.25%)

0.0035

 Hamartoma

1 (0.30%)

0 (0.00%)

> 0.9999

 Barrett’s

5 (1.48%)

10 (3.13%)

0.1592

 Barrett’s Carcinoma

4 (1.19%)

5 (1.56%)

0.7466

 Pancreatic Heterotopia

5 (1.48%)

1 (0.31%)

0.2175

 Neuroendocrine/Carcinoid Tumor

28 (8.31%)

8 (2.50%)

0.0011

 Gastric Heterotopia of Rectum

1 (0.30%)

0 (0.00%)

> 0.9999

 Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor

6 (1.78%)

1 (0.31%)

0.1239

 Granular Cell Tumor

1 (0.30%)

5 (1.56%)

0.1145

 Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia

5 (1.48%)

2 (0.63%)

0.4517

 Leiomyoma

2 (0.59%)

1 (0.31%)

> 0.9999

 Inflammatory

4 (1.19%)

2 (0.63%)

0.6867

 Lipoma

6 (1.78%)

3 (0.94%)

0.5061

 Squamous Cell Carcinoma

0 (0.00%)

2 (0.63%)

0.2368

 Hemangioma

3 (0.89%)

0 (0.00%)

0.2494

 Brunner’s Gland Hyperplasia

1 (0.30%)

1 (0.31%)

> 0.9999

 Other

7 (2.08%)

8 (2.50%)

0.7168

  1. aAnti-platelets and anti-coagulants are usually discontinued prior to EMR in majority of cases performed at the medical centers included although this information could not be adequately captured.
  2. bDescriptive analyses for patients’ age, gender, and medication usage were performed at the patient/procedure level rather than lesion level.