Table 1 Review of contemporary published case series on biliary mucinous cystic neoplasms with more than 10 cases

Vogt et al. (2005) [4]

18

F = 18

48

12.5 (7–22)

10 patients (55%)

Enucleation [5]

Mean: 37 months

Partial excision [6]

Sectionectomy [7] – 1 recurrence at 3 years

3/15 recurrences

Aspiration [8]

Hepatectomy [2]

Roux-en-Y [1]

Partial resection [7] – 2 recurrences at 13 months and 10 years

Thomas et al. (2005) [9]

18 BCA

1 BCAC

F = 18

M = 1

48

10.9 ± 4.4

8 patients (42%

Lobectomy [6]

Mean: 3.5 ± 4.2 years

Aspiration or drainage [6]

Enucleation [10]

No mortality or recurrence

Fenestration [11]

Bisegmentectomy [2]

Roux-en-Y [1]

Non-anatomic resection [1]

Fenestration + fulguration [1]

Daniels et al. (2006) [12]

12

F = 12

50.5

12.7 (6.5–25)

5 patients (42%)

Enucleation + complete resection [8]

Unknown duration of follow-up

Drainage [7]

Enucleation [7]

No mortality or recurrence

Roux-en-Y [1]

Complete resection [1]

Choi et al. (2010) [13]

17

F = 17

57

10.1 ± 6.6

Unknown

Hepatectomy [14]

N/A

Unroofing or marsupialization [3]

Erdogan et al. (2010) [15]

12 BCA

3 BCAC

F = 13

M = 2

45

8.4 ± 5.3 (3–19)

Unknown

Enucleation [6]

No early post-operative mortality

Hepatectomy [10]

Seo et al. (2010) [16]

13

F = 12

M = 1

55.3

± 11.4

12.9 ± 6.3

None

Complete resection [17] – segmentectomies, lobectomies or enucleation

Median: 29 months

No mortality or recurrence

Sang et al. (2011) [18]

19

F = 17

M = 2

44.2

± 14.4

13.0 ± 8.1

5 patients (26%)

Hemihepatectomy [11] – 1 death from widespread metastasis at 8 months

Median: 22.5 months

Aspiration [10]

Sectionectomy [11]

1/19 mortality

Fenestration [7]

Segmentectomy [11]

No recurrence

Enucleation [3]

Fenestration [1]

Martel et al. (2012) [19]

11 BCA

2 BCAC

F = 12

M = 1

51

± 15.9

12.4 ± 4.6

None

Enucleation [10]

Median: 23.1 months

Unroofing [7] – 1 death from MI 13 months post-op, 1 recurrence within 40 months

1/13 mortality

1/13 recurrence

Liver resection [3]

Pillai et al. (2012) [8]

13

F = 11

M = 2

46

(23–34)

7 (54%)

Hepatectomy [11]

Median: 22 months

Partial cystoperi-

Segmentectomy [11]

No mortality or recurrence

cystectomies [11]

Enucleation [3]

Marsupialisaton [1]

Fenestration [1]

Ratti et al. (2012) [20]

12

F = 12

45

± 9.4

N/A

6/12 (50%) ➔ Unroofing followed by complete resection after post-op diagnosis (median delay of 31 days)

Hepatectomy [6]

Median: 16 months

Lobectomy [3]

No mortality or recurrence

Wang et al. (2012) [21]

20

F = 19

M = 1

44.2 ± 13.1

13.0 (4.4–32)

Unknown

Liver resection [22]

N/A

Chen et al. (2014) [23]

35 BCA

4 BCAC

F = 30

M = 9

53.7

± 14.5

N/A

None

Enucleation [24]

Median: 20.5 months

Hepatectomy [25]

1/4 recurrence in a patient with BCAC

No mortality or recurrence for BCA

Wang et al. (2014) [26]

13 BCA

1 BCAC

F = 11

M = 3

48

10.4 ± 6.3

None

Lobectomy [8]

Median: 54 months

1/1 recurrence for BCAC 2 years post-op

Hepatectomy [2]

No mortality or recurrence for BCA

Partial hepatic resection [7]

Non-anatomic resection [1]

Albores-Saavedra et al. (2015) [27]

18 BCA

2 BCAC

F = 18

M = 2

38.2

11 (4–29)

None

Enucleation [4]

Range 2–11 years

Lobectomy [10]

3/15 recurrences for BCA patients

Whipple resection [2]

Local excision [2]

Lee et al. (2015) [28]

19

F = 16

M = 3

57

8.5 (2.5–21)

None

Complete resection: anatomic or enucleation [29]

Median: 51.3 months

Partial resection: fenestration, marsupialization, partial excision [5] – 5 (62.5%) recurrences, 1 death 32 days postop

Median DFS: 3.7 months (for partial resection)

Arnaoutakis et al. (2015) [30]

221

F = 199

M = 22

51.2

± 15.1

Median: 10.0

IQR: 7–13

Cyst aspiration (19.8%)

Sclerosis (2%)

Partial hepatectomy (116, 52.5%)

10-year follow-up: 84% patients alive with BCA

31/221 (16.7%)

Hepatectomy (70, 31.7%) – 15/186 (8.1%) recurrences

Total: 248 BCAC: 27

Unroofing/partial excision (34, 15.4%) – 16 (45.6%) recurrences

recurrences

50 (22.6%) early post-operative complications

Liver transplant (1, 0.4%)