Table 1 Changes of flow resistance in the bile flow phantom model
From: Evaluation of valve function in antireflux biliary metal stents
Type of antireflux valve | Flow rate (L/min) | Flow resistance (mbar, mean ± standard deviation) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline | 12 weeks | |||
Wine glass type (n = 3) | 0.25 | 103.8 ± 2.9 | 105.8 ± 2.3 | 0.109 |
0.5 | 154.0 ± 4.5 | 166.4 ± 9.5 | 0.109 | |
0.75 | 219.8 ± 5.3 | 230.8 ± 17.3 | 0.180 | |
1.0 | 282.6 ± 10.3 | 305.5 ± 23.4 | 0.109 | |
1.25 | 353.6 ± 8.6 | 400.0 ± 44.3 | 0.285 | |
Windsock type (n = 5) | 0.25 | 36.4 ± 0.9 | 42.8 ± 0.9 | 0.039 |
0.5 | 53.6 ± 1.9 | 58.0 ± 2.9 | 0.042 | |
0.75 | 69.0 ± 1.7 | 71.6 ± 2.8 | 0.223 | |
1.0 | 87.6 ± 0.5 | 87.6 ± 1.7 | 1.000 | |
1.25 | 105.0 ± 0.7 | 104.8 ± 1.6 | 0.854 | |
Funnel type (n = 5) | 0.25 | 36.2 ± 1.3 | 43.2 ± 2.0 | 0.039 |
0.5 | 51.8 ± 0.8 | 59.2 ± 2.1 | 0.042 | |
0.75 | 64.6 ± 1.1 | 74.4 ± 2.9 | 0.042 | |
1.0 | 84.4 ± 1.8 | 89.4 ± 2.9 | 0.078 | |
1.25 | 101.8 ± 1.1 | 105.6 ± 1.7 | 0.042 | |