Identification of risk factors for pancreatic pseudocysts formation, intervention and recurrence: a 15-year retrospective analysis in a tertiary hospital in China

Table 4 Univariate and multivariate regression analyses of risk factors associated with PPC recurrence

Variable	Univiarite analysis			Multivariate analysis
Variable	Group E (n = 34)	Group F (n = 313)	P-value	OR (95% CI)	P-value
Age(years)	47.33 ± 15.42	46.42 ± 14.82	0.317
Sex (male/female)	19/15	174/139	0.974
BMI	24.12 ± 4.34	24.69 ± 4.82	0.538
Smoking (yes/no)	8/26	107/206	0.210
Comorbidity
Hypertension	4	28	0.589
Diabetes	5	34	0.500
Respiratory diseases	1	12	0.795
Liver diseases	0	14	0.208
Pancreatitis (acute/chronic)	27/7	258/55	0.663
Recurrent pancreatitis (yes/no)	11/23	57/256	0.048^a	2.017 (0.926-4.173)	0.063
Symptoms
Pain	33	308	0.568
Fever	8	40	0.085
Etiology
Biliary	13	136	0.560
Alcoholic	7	82	0.477
Trauma	3	15	0.314
Hyperglycemia	2	21	0.854
Post ERCP	3	34	0.714
Idiopathic	6	25	0.061
Lab examination
Amylase (U/L)	958.26 ± 662.37	872.51 ± 652.46	0.142
WBC (10⁹/L)	13.67 ± 8.24	15.21 ± 8.32	0.254
CRP (mg/L)	79.32 ± 27.61	83.23 ± 29.39	0.371
TBIL (umol/L)	57.72 ± 33.69	56.10 ± 35.32	0.652
Time from pancreatitis to pseudocyst	8.74 ± 2.16	8.37 ± 1.85	0.725
Location			0.099
Head	14	115
Body/Tail	20	198
Number			0.325
Single	15	168
Multiple	19	145
IPN	8	36	0.045^a	1.483 (0.875-3.262)	0.083
Antibiotics (Yes/No)	31/3	271/42	0.449
Somatostatin (Yes/No)	33/1	298/15	0.625
Intervention methods			0.004^a	7.812 (3.109-23.072)	0.013^a
Endoscopic drainage (%)	4 (8.3%)	44 (91.7%)
Surgical drainage (%)	8 (4.9%)	156 (95.1%)
Percutaneous drainage (%)	22 (16.4%)	113 (83.6%)

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