Villous atrophy in the terminal ileum is a specific endoscopic finding correlated with histological evidence and poor prognosis in acute graft-versus-host disease after allo-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Table 5 GVHD with villous atrophy in the terminal ileum and treatment response

	Group S	Group M	Group N	P-value	P-value
	(n = 6)	(n = 8)	(n = 6)	(for trend)	Group S versus M + N	Group S + M versus N
Mean age (range), years	30 (10–61)	52 (38–58)	57 (33–66)	0.07^a	0.08^a	0.15^a
Sex male/female	3/3	5/3	3/3	> 0.99^d	1.54^e	1.54^e
Days from transplantation, median (range), days	49 (27–231)	69.5 (25–1263)	156.5 (49–1162)	0.47^a	0.45^a	0.91^a
Frequency of diarrhea (times per day), median (range)	14.5 (6–30)	7.5 (0–12)	5.0 (0–8)	0.03^a	0.02^a	0.23^a
GVHD clinical grade Stages 1/ 2/ 3/ 4	0/ 1/ 2/ 3	2/ 0/ 2/ 4	2/ 2/ 1/ 1	0.09^b	0.75^c	0.09^c
Refractory GVHD	5	3	1	0.02^d	0.10^e	0.10^e
Mortality (per person-year)	0.44	0.53	1.05	0.69^f	0.76^f	0.80^f

Group S, GVHD with severe atrophy of villi in the terminal ileum; group M, GVHD with mild atrophy; group N, absence of atrophy of villi; NS, not significant. ^a, Student’s t test; ^b, Jonckheere-Terpstra test; ^c, Mann-Whitney U test; ^d, Cochran-Armitage test; ^e, χ2 test; ^f, log-rank test

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