Table 2 Differences between the patients with and without gallstones
|  | Gallbladder stones (+) | Gallbladder stones (−) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
Gender (male/female) | 55/31 | 21/11 | 0.866 |
Age (mean± SD, years) | 62.5±17.9 | 66.5±16.6 | 0.276 |
Smoking (yes/no) | 19/67 | 12/20 | 0.091 |
Alcohol drinking (yes/no) | 13/73 | 5/27 | 0.946 |
Concomitant diseases | |||
 Chronic lung disease (yes/no) | 2/84 | 5/27 | 0.016 |
 Cerebrovascular diseases (yes/no) | 4/82 | 3/29 | 0.387 |
 Cardiovascular diseases (yes/no) | 37/49 | 16/16 | 0.016 |
 Renal failure (yes/no) | 7/79 | 0/32 | 0.187 |
 Cancer diseases (yes/no) | 10/76 | 2/30 | 0.509 |
 Liver disease (yes/no) | 7/79 | 5/27 | 0.232 |
 Diabetes mellitus (yes/no) | 15/71 | 10/22 | 0.103 |
JPD (yes/no) | 29/57 | 16/16 | 0.106 |
CBD diameter (mean±SD, cm) | 1.2±0.4 | 1.4±0.4 | 0.017 |
CBDS pass-out (yes/no) | 18/68 | 5/27 | 0.518 |
Brown pigment stones (yes/no) | 38/30 | 13/14 | 0.495 |
Largest CBDS size (mean±SD, cm) | 0.8±0.4 | 1.0±0.5 | 0.016 |
CBDS number (single/multiple)a | 43/25 | 16/11 | 0.719 |
Mean balloon diameter for EPBD (mean±SD)b | 1.0±0.2 | 1.2±0.3 | 0.002 |
Mechanical lithotripsy (yes/no) | 4/82 | 8/24 | 0.003 |
Sessions for bile duct clearance (1/> 1) | 80/6 | 30/2 | 1.000 |
Non-visualization of gallbladder in ERCP (yes/no) | 24/62 | 19/13 | 0.002 |
Fatty meal sonographya | |||
 Fasting volume(ml) | 20.4±18.8 | 23.0±21.9 | 0.557 |
 Residual volume (ml) | 5.2±5.3 | 6.0±11.8 | 0.624 |
 Ejection fraction (%) | 48.9±36.0 | 63.2±33.1 | 0.070 |
 Ejection fraction at 30 min (≥50% vs < 50%) | 39/44 | 20/7 | 0.014 |