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Fig. 1 | BMC Gastroenterology

Fig. 1

From: Prevalence and key radiographic spinal malalignment parameters that influence the risk for gastroesophageal reflux disease in patients treated surgically for adult spinal deformity

Fig. 1

Representative cases with or without severe gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms: Frequency Scale for Symptoms of GERD score of 2 (a) or 23 (b). The white line denotes lumbar lordosis. The yellow line denotes thoracic lumbar kyphosis

a Lateral standing radiograph showing global sagittal malalignment due to a − 11° lumbar lordosis and a 51° thoracic lumbar kyphosis. Lateral radiograph obtained in the fulcrum backward-bending position showing thoracic lumbar kyphosis reduced to 15°. b Lateral standing radiograph showing a − 20° lumbar lordosis and global sagittal malalignment due to a 51° thoracic lumbar kyphosis. Lateral radiograph obtained in the fulcrum backward-bending position showing a 41° thoracic lumbar kyphosis that is not flexible.

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BMC Gastroenterology

ISSN: 1471-230X

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