Spigelman stage | Points | Treatment |
---|
0-I | 0–4 | None |
II | 5–6 | Consider ETa + CPb
|
III | 7–8 | ETa + CPb
|
IV | 9–12 | Surgery (PPPDc) |
-
aET, endoscopic therapy
-
bCP, chemoprevention with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
-
cPPPD, pancreas and pylorus preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy