Table 2 Baseline characteristics for individuals with and individuals without defined peptic ulcer during 33 months
From: Perceived stress as a risk factor for peptic ulcers: a register-based cohort study
Variable | Level | No ulcera (n = 17,404) | Ulcera (n = 121) | Total (n = 17525) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PSS-10 Group | 0 - Low stress level | 3497 (20.1) | 13 (10.7) | 3510 (20.0) | |
1 | 3036 (17.4) | 18 (14.9) | 3054 (17.4) | ||
2 | 3517 (20.2) | 17 (14.0) | 3534 (20.2) | ||
3 | 3719 (21.4) | 26 (21.5) | 3745 (21.4) | ||
4 - High stress level | 3635 (20.9) | 47 (38.8) | 3682 (21.0) | <0.0001 | |
Gender | Male | 8773 (50.4) | 51 (42.1) | 8824 (50.4) | |
Female | 8631 (49.6) | 70 (57.9) | 8701 (49.6) | 0.0855 | |
Age | Mean (sd) | 49.6 (17.1) | 60.7 (15.1) | 49.7 (17.1) | <0.0001 |
Smoking | No, never | 8329 (47.9) | 44 (36.4) | 8373 (47.8) | |
No, but used to | 5022 (28.9) | 40 (33.1) | 5062 (28.9) | ||
Yes, <15 a day | 2268 (13.0) | 16 (13.2) | 2284 (13.0) | ||
Yes,>14 a day | 1785 (10.3) | 21 (17.4) | 1806 (10.3) | 0.0191 | |
Alcohol consumptionb | Over recommended | 1496 (8.6) | 7 (5.8) | 1503 (8.6) | |
Within recommended | 15908 (91.4) | 114 (94.2) | 16022 (91.4) | 0.3486 | |
NSAID-use | No | 6792 (39.0) | 27 (22.3) | 6819 (38.9) | |
Yes | 10612 (61.0) | 94 (77.7) | 10706 (61.1) | 0.0002 | |
Educational Level | Primary | 5597 (32.2) | 52 (43.0) | 5649 (32.2) | |
Secondary | 7647 (43.9) | 56 (46.3) | 7703 (44.0) | ||
Higher | 4160 (23.9) | 13 (10.7) | 4173 (23.8) | 0.0013 | |
Body Mass Index | Underweight | 338 (1.9) | 4 (3.3) | 342 (2.0) | |
Normal weight | 7953 (45.7) | 52 (43.0) | 8005 (45.7) | ||
Overweight | 9113 (52.4) | 65 (53.7) | 9178 (52.4) | 0.5010 | |
Sleep | <7 h/day | 3180 (18.3) | 33 (27.3) | 3213 (18.3) | |
7 h/day | 6729 (38.7) | 29 (24.0) | 6758 (38.6) | ||
>7 h/day | 7495 (43.1) | 59 (48.8) | 7554 (43.1) | 0.0015 | |
Household Incomec | <243,646 | 3942 (22.6) | 38 (31.4) | 3980 (22.7) | |
243,646-451,597.50 | 4200 (24.1) | 39 (32.2) | 4239 (24.2) | ||
451,597.50–665,147 | 4502 (25.9) | 23 (19.0) | 4525 (25.8) | ||
>665,147 | 4760 (27.4) | 21 (17.4) | 4781 (27.3) | 0.0030 | |
Previous Ulcer | No previous Ulcer | 16862 (96.9) | 106 (87.6) | 16968 (96.8) | |
Previous Ulcer | 542 (3.1) | 15 (12.4) | 557 (3.2) | <0.0001 |