Fig. 8
Time-course of cell viability and ROS production in primary gastric cells. In a primary gastric cells treated with Grisù® alone or combined with vitD3 analyzed at 15 min, 30 min, 1 h, 1 h 30 min, 3 h, and 24 h. V = vitD3; G = Grisù®; G + V = Grisù® combined with vitD3. Data are reported as means ± (SD) (%) of 3 biological replicates. a, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, p, q, r p < 0.05 vs control (line 0 %); c p < 0.05 vs b; g, h p < 0.05 vs i; j, k p < 0.05 vs l; m p < 0.05 vs o; p p < 0.05 vs r. In b the effect on ROS production of Grisù® combined with vitD3 was compared to the effects of different gastroprotectants alone and with vitD3. The results are expressed as means ± (SD) (%) of 3 biological replicates. G = Grisù®; V = vitD3; G + V = Grisù® combined with vitD3. a, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, p, q, r, s, t, u, v p < 0.05 vs control (line 0 %); e, f, g, h, i, k, l, m, o, p, q, r, s, t, u, v p < 0.05 vs a; e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, p, q, r, s, t, u, v p < 0.05 vs b; g, h, m, n, t p < 0.05 vs c; i, j, o, p, u, v p < 0.05 vs d; g, h, i, j p < 0.05 vs e; h, j p < 0.05 vs f; v p < 0.05 vs q