From: Epilepsy as a risk factor for hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis: a cohort study
Adjusted hazard ratio | |
---|---|
Patient category (after re-categorization) | |
Definite epilepsy | 2.49 (0.78–7.90) |
Unspecified seizures | 1.50 (0.47–4.76) |
Antiepileptic drugs for non-epilepsy indications | 1.52 (0.74–3.12) |
Controls | 1 (reference) |
Male vs. female | 1.08 (0.83–1.40) |
Age, per 10-year increase | 1.17 (1.03–1.32) |
Cirrhosis etiology | |
Alcohol alone (%) | 1 (reference) |
Hepatitis C alone (%) | 1.65 (1.19–2.30) |
Other (%) | 1.35 (1.03–1.76) |
Diabetes | 1.38 (1.06–1.78) |
History of HE before randomization | 1.70 (1.33–2.18) |
MELD score, per point | 1.09 (1.07–1.11) |
Sodium, per 5 mmol/L increase | 0.63 (0.57–0.70) |
Albumin, per 5 g/L increase | 0.78 (0.70–0.87) |
Lactulose, any dose vs. none | 1.80 (1.41–2.29) |
Rifaximin, any dose vs. none | 0.59 (0.32–1.11) |
Benzodiazepines/barbiturates, any dose vs. none | 1.23 (0.86–1.76) |