Table 1 Demographic characteristic of enrolled patients in the prospective cohort
No SIBO (n = 739) | SIBO (n = 158) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years, mean ± SD) | 63.3 ± 17.0 | 69.7 ± 17.4 | <0.0001 |
Age ≥60 years (n, %) | 475 (64.3) | 129 (81.6) | <0.0001 |
BMI (kg/m2, mean ± SD) | 26.5 ± 5.3 | 25.6 ± 5.4 | 0.071 |
BMI ≥22 kg/m2 (n, %) | 637 (86.5) | 128 (81.0) | 0.064 |
Presence of IBS (n, %) | 159 (21.5 %) | 93 (58.9 %) | <0.0001 |
Type of IBS (n, %) | |||
Predominant-diarrhea | 44 (6.0) | 33 (20.9) | <0.0001 |
Predominant-constipation | 28 (3.5) | 8 (5.1) | 0.382 |
Mixed type | 87 (11.8) | 52 (32.9) | <0.0001 |
Co-morbidities (n, %) | |||
Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 171 (23.1) | 53 (33.5) | 0.008 |
Chronic heart failure | 192 (26.0) | 49 (31.0) | 0.200 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 74 (10.0) | 16 (10.02) | 1.000 |
Chronic renal disease | 20 (2.7) | 8 (5.1) | 0.131 |
Solid tumor malignancy | 67 (9.1) | 11 (7.0) | 0.441 |
History of drug intake (n, %) | |||
PPIs | 149 (20.2 %) | 35 (22.2 %) | 0.588 |
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs | 30 (4.1 %) | 11 (7.0) | 0.139 |
Low-dose aspirin | 139 (18.8) | 34 (21.5) | 0.438 |
Acenocoumarone | 63 (8.5 %) | 15 (9.5) | 0.644 |
H2-blockers | 15 (2.0) | 2 (1.3) | 0.751 |
Antacids | 23 (3.1) | 8 (5.1) | 0.230 |
Clinical reason for gastroscopy (n, %) | |||
Dyspepsia | 422 (57.1) | 94 (59.5) | 0.596 |
Anemia | 327 (44.2) | 83 (52.5) | 0.065 |
Unknown fever | 21 (2.8) | 7 (4.4) | 0.312 |
Endoscopic findings (n, %) | |||
Gastritis | 388 (52.5) | 58 (36.7) | <0.0001 |
Duodenal ulcer | 46 (6.2) | 12 (7.6) | 0.481 |
Gastric ulcer | 9 (1.2) | 1 (0.6) | 1.000 |