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Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics
| Characteristics | All | Non-stented patients | Stented patients | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 180) | (N = 91, 50.6 %) | (N = 89, 49.4 %) | ||
| Sex: Female/Male | 72/108 | 40 (55.6)/51 (47.2) | 32 (44.4)/57 (52.8) | 0.346 |
| Age: <68/≥68 (years) | 85/95 | 44 (51.8)/47 (49.5) | 41 (48.2)/48 (50.5) | 0.875 |
| Body mass index: <25/≥25 (kg/m2) | 112/68 | 56 (50.0)/35 (51.5) | 56 (50.0)/33 (48.5) | 0.970 |
| Previous neoplasia: No/Yes | 143/37 | 74 (51.8)/17 (46.0) | 69 (48.2)/20 (22.5) | 0.657 |
| Surgery for neoplasia: No/Yes | 25/155 | 24 (96.0)/67 (43.2) | 1 (4.0)/88 (56.8) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes: No/Yes | 144/36 | 73 (50.7)/18 (50.0) | 71 (49.3)/18 (50.0) | 1.000 |
| Preoperative jaundice: No/Yes | 120/60 | 78 (65.0)/13 (21.7) | 42 (35.0)/47 (78.3) | <0.001 |
| Cardiac disease: No/Yes | 155/25 | 79 (51.0)/12 (48.0) | 76 (49.0)/13 (52.0) | 0.952 |
| ASA physical status: 1-2/3-4 | 124/56 | 66 (53.2)/25 (44.6) | 58 (46.8)/31 (55.4) | 0.365 |
| Previous antibiotic therapy: No/Yes | 166/14 | 85 (51.2)/6 (42.9) | 81 (48.8)/8 (57.1) | 0.748 |
| Preoperative CT or RT: No/Yes | 170/10 | 88 (51.8)/3 (30.0) | 82 (48.2)/7 (70.0) | 0.210* |
