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Table 1 Perioperative and histopathological characteristics between three groups

From: Confinement to the intrapancreatic bile duct is independently associated with a better prognosis in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

 

DISTAL (n = 32)

MID (n = 20)

DIFFUSE (n = 38)

P value

Age (years)

65.1 ± 9.7

64.3 ± 9.6

67.1 ± 6.7

0.545

Gender (male/female)

18/14

13/7

21/17

0.757

Preoperative peak TB (mg/dl)

7.0 ± 6.2

8.9 ± 9.4

6.5 ± 4.8

0.629

CA 19–9 ≥ 37

21 (70.0 %)

15 (62.0 %)

25 (68.6 %)

0.932

Preoperative biliary drainage (n)

25 (83.3 %)

19 (82.6 %)

32 (84.2 %)

0.713

Type of resection

   

<0.001

 Pancreaticoduodenectomy

32 (100 %)

5 (25.0 %)

38 (100 %)

 

 Bile duct resection

0 (0 %)

15 (75.0 %)

0 (0 %)

 

Operative time (min)

419.0 ± 79.8

357.5 ± 106.4

421.3 ± 69.0

0.033

Transfusion (n)

6 (18.8 %)

2 (10.0 %)

5 (13.1 %)

0.524

Postoperative complication (n)

14 (43.8 %)

5 (25.0 %)

18 (47.4 %)

0.431

 Grade (I,II/III,IV)

5/9

1/4

6/12

 

Postoperative hospital stay (days)

29.4 ± 13.3

23.2 ± 14.2

28.6 ± 13.1

0.157

Gross tumor appearance

   

0.915

 Infiltrating type

26 (81.3 %)

16 (80.0 %)

31 (81.6 %)

 

 Papillary/nodular type

6 (28.7 %)

4 (20.0 %)

7 (18.4 %)

 

Differentiation

   

0.295

 WD

7 (21.9 %)

5 (25.0 %)

6 (15.8 %)

 

 MD

18 (56.3 %)

6 (30.0 %)

21 (55.3 %)

 

 PD

7 (21.9 %)

9 (45.0 %)

11 (28.9 %)

 

Depth of invasion

   

0.002a

 T1

5 (15.6 %)

6 (30.0 %)

9 (23.7 %)

 

 T2

3 (9.4 %)

9 (45.0 %)

4 (10.5 %)

 

 T3

24 (75.0 %)

5 (25.0 %)

25 (65.8 %)

 

Lymph node metastases

10 (31.3 %)

11 (55.0 %)

13 (34.2 %)

0.191

Stage (AJCC 7th)

   

0.631

 Ia/Ib

6 (18.7 %)

9 (45.0 %)

9 (23.7 %)

 

 IIa/IIb

26 (81.6 %)

11 (55.0 %)

29 (76.3 %)

 

Lymphovascular invasion

22 (68.8 %)

11 (55.0 %)

29 (76.3 %)

0.249

Perineural invasion

15 (46.9 %)

16 (70.0 %)

33 (86.8 %)

0.008b

Recurrence (n)

13 (40.6 %)

13 (65.0 %)

30 (78.9 %)

0.010c

Pattern of initial recurrence

   

0.449

 Local recurrence

4 (30.8 %)

4 (30.7 %)

11 (35.5 %)

 

 Distant metastases

6 (46.2 %)

4 (30.7 %)

6 (17.2 %)

 

 Both (local + distant metastases)

3 (23.1 %)

5 (38.4 %)

14 (48.3 %)

 
  1. Abbreviation: TB total bilirubin, CA cancer antigen, WD well differentiation, MD moderate differentiation, PD poor differentiation
  2. aIn comparison between T2 and T3, the rate of T2 was higher and rate of T3 was lower in the MID group than those of the DISTAL and DIFFUSE groups
  3. bThe rate of perineural invasion was lower in the DISTAL group than that of the MID and DIFFUSE groups
  4. cThe rate of recurrence was lower in the DISTAL group than that of the MID and DIFFUSe groups