Fig. 1

Schematic overviews of the a study design and b testing day protocols. *Blood work at Calgary Laboratory Services (CLS) includes: glucose, lipids (total, LDL, HDL, TG), HbA1C, liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP), FibroTest (gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, bilirubin, α2-macroglobulin, haptoglobin, and apo-lipoprotein A1), CRP, and liver function biochemistries (creatinine, electrolytes, albumin, bilirubin). **Adipokines/Cytokines include: adiponectin, MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8. ***Satiety hormones include: active ghrelin, insulin, leptin, total GIP, active GLP-1, and total PYY