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Table 1 Patient characteristics and indication for endoscopy, by decade

From: Trends in upper gastrointestinal diagnosis over four decades in Lusaka, Zambia: a retrospective analysis of endoscopic findings

 

1977–1985a

1987–1996

1997–2006

2007–2014

 

n

1674

2627

3388

9264

 

Male: female

998:569

1606–945

1771–1462

4445:3977

<0.0001

Female %

36

37

45

47

 

Age (median, IQR)

33, 26–46

35, 27–45

35, 27–47

39, 29–54

0.001

Age groups in years:

     

 Child (under 16)

13 (1)

31 (1)

66 (3)

311 (4)

 

 16–44

888 (72)

1828 (74)

1697 (68)

4646 (57)

 

 45–59

215 (17)

434 (17)

464 (19)

1697 (21)

 

 60 and over

121 (10)

192 (8)

277 (11)

1453 (18)

<0.0001

Indication:

     

 Pain

1192 (71)

1957 (75)

1.912 (56)

4566 (49)

<0.0001

 Dysphagia

64 (4)

99 (4)

222 (8)

961 (11)

<0.0001

 Haematemesis

193 (12)

194 (8)

276 (22)

1062 (12)

<0.0001

 Anaemia

30 (2)

63 (3)

14 (1)

187 (2)

<0.0001

  1. Percentages are shown in brackets
  2. aNo data from 1986 retrieved, and the last decade is only 8 years so the decades are therefore not uniform