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Table 3 RFA vs. PEI. Summary of complications described in individual studies

From: Meta-analysis of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation versus ethanol injection in hepatocellular carcinoma

Type

RFA (number of cases)

PEI (number of cases)

Severe pain

27

14

Fever

10

5

Haemothorax

4

 

Pneumothorax

1

 

Pleural effusion

7

 

Gastric perforation

1

 

Cholecystitis

1

 

Intraperitoneal bleeding

2

1

Haemobilia

1

 

Hepatic infarction

1

 

Subcapsular haematoma

5

1

Transitory icterus

1

 

Ascitis

1

2

Acute cholangitis

 

1

Hepatic abscess

 

1

Portal vein thrombosis

2

9

Biliary stricture

1

 

Hypertransaminaemia

3

1

Thermal burn to colon

1

 

Cutaneous burn

1

2

A-V shunt

3

 

Neoplastic cell seeding

3

1

Psychotic reaction

 

1

Vagal reaction

 

1

Procedure-related death

 

1