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Figure 5 | BMC Gastroenterology

Figure 5

From: Expression of cytokine and chemokine mRNA and secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α by gallbladder epithelial cells: Response to bacterial lipopolysaccharides

Figure 5

TNF-α secretion into medium Release of TNF-α into the apical and basolateral medium by cultured MGBE exposed to 100 μg/mL E. coli LPS over time. TNF-α secretion was calculated as the total pg amount of TNF-α present in the apical or basolateral medium. Values are the means of triplicates ± standard error from a single assay. This assay was repeated twice more with similar results. Statistical differences between the concentration of TNF-α in the basal and apical medium were measured by paired Student's t-test (* = p < 0.01).

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