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Table 4 Social and sexual behavior as risk factor for positive HCV test among blood donors from southern Brazil

From: Risk factors for hepatitis C virus infection among blood donors in southern Brazil: a case-control study

Variable

% cases

(n = 178)

% controls

(n = 356)

Unadjusted OR

(95%CI)

Adjusted OR

(95%CI)*

Social behavior

    

Tattooing

15.2

4.2

4.1 (2.0–8.3)

4.4 (1.6–11.9)

   P value

  

<0.001

0.004

Intravenous drug use

25.3

0.3

120.1 (17.7–2368.7)

105.2 (12.8–865.3)

   P value

  

<0.0001

<0.00001

Sexual behavior

    

Age of the first sexual intercourse (years)

    

   ≥ 18

24.9

31.1

1.0

1.0

   15–17

43.5

44.7

1.2 (0.8–1.9)

0.7 (0.4–1.4)

   <15

31.6

24.2

1.6 (1.0–2.7)

1.0 (0.5–1.7)

   P value

  

0.1

0.6

Number of sexual partners (median)**

    

Past ten years

    

   Male <5 / Female <2

57.1

61.5

1.0

1.0

   Male ≥ 6 / Female ≥ 2

42.9

38.5

1.2 (0.8–1.7)

1.3 (0.8–2.2)

   P value

  

0.3

0.3

Lifetime

    

   Male ≤ 10 / Female ≤ 2

46.3

56.7

1.0

1.0

   Male ≥ 11 / Female ≥ 3

53.7

43.3

1.5 (1.1–2.2)

0.8 (0.5–1.3)

   P value

  

0.02

0.4

Number of lifetime sexually transmitted diseases

    

   0

49.2

76.9

1.0

1.0

   1

41.2

21.9

3.0 (1.9–4.5)

2.0 (1.1–3.5)

   2–4

9.6

1.1

13.2 (4.0–47.7)

6.2 (1.5–25.3)

   P value

  

<0.0001

0.006

Sexual orientation

    

   Heterosexual

84.2

95.1

1.0

1.0

   Bisexual/homosexual

15.8

4.9

3.7 (1.9–7.3)

0.8 (0.3–2.2)

   P value

  

<0.0001

0.7

Sexual intercourse with intravenous drug user

8.0

2.0

4.8 (1.8–13.3)

3.5 (1.2–9.8)

   P value

  

0.001

0.02

Sexual intercourse with a partner with hepatitis B or C virus

4.5

1.7

2.8 (0.9–9.3)

3.7 (1.1–12.8)

   P value

  

0.04

0.04

  1. *OR adjusted for age, schooling, living in a shelter/boarding school, incarceration, tattooing, intravenous drug use, blood transfusion, personal history of previous jaundice, number of lifetime STDs, sexual intercourse with intravenous drug user. ** 177 cases and 351 controls.