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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of all patients with cirrhosis included in the study (n = 234) and those with an available ECG from pre-transplant evaluation (n = 186)

From: Prevalence of pre-transplant electrocardiographic abnormalities and post-transplant cardiac events in patients with liver cirrhosis

 

All patients (n = 234)

Patients with an available ECG (n = 186)

Age

52 (10.5)

52 (11)

Male sex

162 (69%)

133 (72%)

Etiology of liver cirrhosis

  

 Alcoholic liver disease or mixed

85 (36%)

71 (38%)

 Viral liver disease

55 (23.5%)1

47 (25.5%)2

 Cholestatic liver disease

42 (18%)3

33 (18%)4

 Autoimmune hepatitis

14 (6%)

12 (6.5%)

 Cryptogenic/NASH cirrhosis

20 (8.5%)

18 (9.5%)

 Other

18 (8%)5

5 (2.5%)

Severity of liver cirrhosis

  

 Child Pugh Score

9 (2.2)

8.9 (2.2)

 MELD

16.5 (6.8)

16.2 (6.5)

Complications of liver cirrhosis

  

 History of variceal bleeding

59 (25%)

45 (24%)

 Ascites at evaluation

167 (71%)

132 (71%)

 Hepatocellular carcinoma in explant

26 (11%)

23 (12.5%)

 Hepatorenal syndrome

43 (18%)

33 (17.5%)

Mean arterial pressure (mmHg)

85.5 (12)

85 (11.5)

Heart rate

72 (11)

72 (12)

Glomerular filtration rate (ml/h/1.73sqm)

83 (29.5)

83 (29.5)

CAD

18 (8%)

13 (7%)

Diabetes mellitus

28 (12%)

37 (20%)

History of arterial hypertension

48 (20%)

23 (12%)

Current or ex-smoker

118 (43%)

92 (49%)

β-Blockers at pre-transplant evaluation

112 (48%)

92 (49%)

Use of diuretics at evaluation

152 (65%)

123 (66%)

Coronary investigation 6

95 (34.5%)

74 (40%)

  1. Data expressed as mean (SD) or n (%) as appropriate. No statistical difference was seen between the groups with regard to the factors listed in this table. (p > 0.1 for all).
  2. NASH, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; MELD, model for end-stage liver disease; CAD, Coronary artery disease.
  3. 1Hepatitis C – 30, Hepatitis B - 21, Hepatitis B and C - 4.
  4. 2Hepatitis C - 38, hepatitis B - 28, hepatitis C and hepatitis B – 5.
  5. 3Primary sclerosing cholangitis - 20, Primary biliary cirrhosis – 13.
  6. 4Primary sclerosing cholangitis - 26, Primary biliary cirrhosis - 17.
  7. 5Overlap syndrome - 7, Alpha 1 antitrypsine deficiency – 3, Cholestatic disease and alcoholic liver disease – 2, Secondary sclerosing cholangitis - 2, Wilsons disease - 1, Drug induced liver injury - 1, Cystic fibrosis - 1, and Echinococcal infection/treatment of echinococcal infection - 1.
  8. 6Patients who underwent further investigation for CAD at pre-transplant evaluation such as coronary angiography, myocardial scintigraphy, stress echocardiography and/or treadmill exercise test.