Table 1 Disease characteristics of 382 T2DM patients compared by gender
Females N=173 | Males N=173 | P value** | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years)* | 63.5±10.1 | 62.7±11.5 | 0.48 |
BMI (kg/cm2)* | 31.9±5.2 | 29.2±9.7 | 0.001 |
Obesity (%) | 59.0 | 27.3 | <0.0001 |
Diabetes duration (years)* | 14.0±11.9 | 11.9±8.6 | 0.05 |
Fasting blood glucose (mg/dl) * | 154.5±64.1 | 146.1±57.2 | 0.18 |
HbA1c (%)* | 7.9±1.4 | 7.5±1.6 | 0.04 |
Diabetes complications: | |||
Peripheral vascular disease (%) | 12.8 | 21.5 | 0.02 |
Ischemic heart disease (%) | 32.0 | 49.3 | 0.001 |
Hypertension (%) | 84.2 | 82.3 | 0.62 |
Cerebral vascular accident | 9.9 | 8.1 | 0.55 |
Dyslipidemia (%) | 86.7 | 79.9 | 0.07 |
Diabetes medications: | |||
Metformin (%) | 66.5 | 60.3 | 0.21 |
Sulfonylureas (%) | 53.2 | 56.0 | 0.58 |
Acarbose (%) | 9.2 | 11.1 | 0.56 |
Rosiglitazone (%) | 6.9 | 12.9 | 0.05 |
Exenatide (%) | 5.2 | 4.8 | 0.85 |
Insulin (%) | 49.1 | 44.0 | 0.31 |
Other medications: | |||
Statins (%) | 82.6 | 79.9 | 0.51 |
Alfa blockers (%) | 14.0 | 21.6 | 0.53 |
ACE inhibitors (%) | 79.7 | 78.0 | 0.69 |
Calcium channel blockers (%) | 34.9 | 28.4 | 0.17 |
Beta blockers (%) | 47.1 | 52.2 | 0.32 |
Diuretics (%) | 36.0 | 36.8 | 0.87 |
Nitrates (%) | 13.4 | 14.8 | 0.68 |
Lifestyle characteristics: | |||
Exercise (%) | 53.8 | 68.9 | 0.02 |
Adherence to dietary counseling (%) | 86.0 | 87.1 | 0.76 |