Table 1 Major and minor criteria used in the case definition for the diagnosis of intussusception

I. History of bile-stained vomiting and either

Age <1 year and male sex

II. Examination findings of acute abdominal distension and abnormal or absent bowel sounds

Abdominal pain

or

Vomiting

III. Plain abdominal radiograph showing fluid levels and dilated bowel loops.

Lethargy

2. Features of intestinal invagination: One or more of the following:

Pallor

I. Abdominal mass

Hypovolemic shock;

III. Rectal mass

Plain abdominal radiograph showing an abnormal but non-specific bowel gas pattern

IIII. Intestinal prolapse

IV. Plain abdominal radiograph showing a visible intussusceptum or soft tissue mass

V. Abdominal ultrasound showing a visible intussusceptum or soft tissue mass

VI. Abdominal CT scan showing a visible intussusceptum or soft tissue mass.

3. Evidence of intestinal vascular compromise or venous congestion:

I. Passage of blood per rectum

or

II. Passage of a stool containing “red currant jelly” material

or

III. Blood detected on rectal examination