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Table 4 Appearance of hamster in different groups after Clostridium difficile challenge (n = 8 each)

From: The protective effect of recombinant Lactococcus lactis oral vaccine on a Clostridium difficile-infected animal model

Manifestations

Control group

Empty plasmid group

Secreted-protein plasmid group

Membrane-anchored plasmid group

Diarrhea

All on day 1

All on day 1

2 on day 1

No

Perianal and tail damp

Yes

Yes

No

No

Paw and abdomen damp

Six on day 2

Only one on day 2

No

No

Activity

Decreased

Decreased

Normal

Normal

Response to stimulation

Decreased, even disappeared

Only one weakened

Normal

Normal

Fur luster

Lackluster

Normal

Normal

Normal

Eating

Decreased

Almost normal

Normal

Normal

Death

All

One

No

No