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Table 4 MMSE results in patients with overt HE according to West-Haven criteria

From: Mini-Mental State Examination in patients with hepatic encephalopathy and liver cirrhosis: a prospective, quantified electroencephalography study

MMSE categories

Grade 1 (n=26)

Grade 2 (n=16)

Grade 3 (n=7)

Grade 1 vs2

Grade 1 vs3

Grade 2 vs3

MMSE summary score

26.8 ± 2.7

25.4 ± 3.9

23.7 ± 5.6

ns

p<0.02

ns

Orientation to time

4.7 ± 0.6

4.4 ± 0.9

4.4 ± 1.1

ns

ns

ns

Orientation to place

4.8 ± 0.4

4.4 ± 0.8

4.4 ± 0.8

p<0.02

p<0.05

ns

Attention and calculation

4.0 ± 1.2

3.7 ± 1.6

2.1 ± 1.9

ns

p<0.003

p<0.02

Recall

2.2 ± 0.8

1.9 ± 0.9

1.9 ± 0.9

ns

ns

ns

Repetition

0.7 ± 0.5

0.6 ± 0.5

0.9 ± 0.4

ns

ns

ns

Complex commands (Understanding)

2.5 ± 0.7

2.6 ± 0.9

2.5 ± 1.1

ns

ns

ns

Complex commands (Write a sentence)

1.0 ± 0.2

0.8 ± 0.4

0.9 ± 0.4

p<0.05

ns

ns

Complex commands (Copy of pentagons)

0.8 ± 0.4

0.7 ± 0.5

0.6 ± 0.5

ns

ns

ns

  1. MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination, HE hepatic encephalopathy.