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Table 1 General characteristics of study subjects categorized by the presence of NAFLD

From: A low level of serum total testosterone is independently associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

 

no NAFLD (n = 244)

NAFLD (n = 251)

p value

Age *

54.98 (10.22)

53.85 (9.83)

0.2118

Total testosterone (ng/mL)

4.83 (3.73–5.96)

3.94 (3.10–4.85)

< 0.0001

Smoking †

  

0.310

non-smoker

72 (29.51)

59 (23.51)

 

ex-smoker

110 (45.08)

125 (49.8)

 

current smoker

62 (25.41)

67 (26.69)

 

drinking amount (g/week)

21.04 (0–71.01)

8.53 (0–59.7)

0.0595

Exercise †

  

0.013

yes

193 (79.1)

174 (69.32)

 

WC (cm)

85 (81–89.9)

91.5 (88–95.5)

< 0.0001

BMI (kg/m2)

23.56 (22.13–25.10)

26.14 (24.38–27.78)

< 0.0001

VAT (cm2)

106.74 (80.62–142.86)

164.79 (135.97–197.95)

< 0.0001

Diabetes †

  

< 0.001

yes

30 (12.30)

68 (27.09)

 

FBS (mg/dL)

96 (90–103)

101 (93–114)

< 0.0001

SBP (mmHg) *

118.97 (13.02)

122.44 (13.86)

0.0043

DBP (mmHg) *

79.15 (9.81)

80.83 (10.94)

0.0734

total cholesterol (mg/dL) *

196.27 (34.46)

199.79 (37.10)

0.2747

TGs (mg/dL)

95 (71–130)

140 (99–195)

< 0.0001

HDL-C (mg/dL)

51 (44–59)

44 (40–51)

< 0.0001

LDL-C (mg/dL) *

125.51 (33.43)

130.18 (33.26)

0.1198

Total bilirubin (mg/dL)

1.1 (0.85–1.3)

1.1 (0.9–1.3)

0.687

ALP (IU/L)

59 (49.5–69)

62 (52–72)

0.018

AST (IU/L)

22 (19–27)

26 (22–33)

< 0.0001

ALT (IU/L)

22 (17–30)

33 (24–49)

< 0.0001

γ-GT (IU/L)

27 (20–39)

34 (26–49)

< 0.0001

hs-CRP (mg/dL)

0.04 (0.04–0.15)

0.09 (0.03–0.2)

0.0001

HOMA-IR (mg/dL)

1.76 (1.33–2.29)

2.67 (1.96–3.48)

0.0001

Metabolic syndrome †

  

< 0.001

yes

41 (16.80)

130 (51.79)

 
  1. a Data for continuous variables without a normal distribution are presented as the median (range, Quartile 25–Q75) and were tested by the two-sample Wilcoxon rank-sum test.
  2. b Data for continuous variables with a normal distribution are shown as the mean (± standard deviation) and were tested by the Student’s t-test.
  3. c In the case of categorized variables, the number (n) and proportion (%) of subjects were tested by the Pearson’s Chi-square test.
  4. * Mean (± standard deviation).
  5. † the number (n) and proportion (%) of subjects.
  6. WC, waist circumference; BMI, body mass index; VAT, visceral adipose tissue; FBS, fasting blood sugar; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; TGs, triglycerides; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; γ-GT, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase; hs-CRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance.