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Table 4 Risk of PPI use among hormone replacement users: multiple regression

From: Hormone replacement therapy is associated with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: a retrospective cohort study

 

Oestrogen-only users No. of GORD cases OR (95% CI) P

Tibolone users No. of GORD cases OR (95% CI) P

Combined HRT users No. of GORD cases OR (95% CI) P

Progestogen users No. of GORD cases OR (95% CI) P

PPI

Hormone

110

21

116

49

Non-hormone

467

467

467

467

OR (95% CI) p

1.34 (1.03–1.74) 0.027

0.76 (0.43–1.37) 0.367

1.15 (0.90–1.47) 0.250

1.50 (1.01–2.22) 0.044

NSAIDs <30d

Hormone

22

2

18

10

Non-hormone

81

81

81

81

OR (95% CI) p

1.57 (1.09–2.26) 0.016

0.83 (0.34–2.08) 0.700

1.57 (1.13–2.19) 0.008

1.15 (0.67–1.98) 0.606

NSAIDs ≥30d

Hormone

56

16

58

24

Non-hormone

200

200

200

200

OR (95% CI) p

2.02 (1.52–2.69) < 0.001

2.55 (1.41–4.63) 0.002

2.37 (1.82–3.07) < 0.001

1.61 (1.05–2.46) 0.029

Calcium <30d

Hormone

1

1

1

0

Non-hormone

11

11

11

11

OR (95% CI) p

0.97 (0.28–3.35) 0.959

2.78 (0.64–12.05) 0.172

1.21 (0.41–3.55) 0.732

3.60 (1.12–11.56) 0.031

Calcium ≥30d

Hormone

12

2

10

0

Non-hormone

29

29

29

29

OR (95% CI) p

1.98 (1.12–3.50) 0.019

2.9 (0.90–9.43) 0.075

1.21 (0.65–2.26) 0.555

1.85 (0.59–5.82) 0.293

Bisphosphonate <30d

Hormone

1

0

0

0

Non-hormone

3

3

3

3

OR (95% CI) p

3.05 (0.70–13.42) 0.139

- (−) 0.999

- (−) 0.999

1.50 (0.14–15.69) 0.737

Bisphosphonate ≥30d

Hormone

6

2

7

0

Non-hormone

18

18

18

18

OR (95% CI) p

1.96 (0.94–4.12) 0.074

1.70 (0.40–7.19) 0.474

2.01 (0.93–4.73) 0.075

1.38 (0.29–6.60) 0.685

  1. This table shows the number of prospective PPI users for hormone replacement use and non-use.