Figure 2

Three extended causal models to further assess associations between sleep problems and emotional symptoms. Extended causal models: a. M3.1. Pruned emotional symptoms causal model (χ ², p<0.01, poor model fit). b. M3.2. Emotional symptoms and sleep problems correlational model (χ ², p=0.29, good model fit). c. M3.3. Emotional symptoms to sleep problems causal model (χ ², p=0.29, good model fit). Note. Paths with significant partial regression coefficient or correlation coefficient (p<0.05) represented by solid lines; non-significant paths represented by dashed lines.