All | Female | Male | |
---|---|---|---|
n = 700 | n = 534 | n = 166 | |
All on-demand medicines* | |||
Year prior to diagnosis | 12.0 | 12.2 | 11.4 |
Year after diagnosis on a GFD | 9.3 | 9.1 | 10.0 |
Mean change (95% CI) | −2.7 (−4.3 to −1.2) | −3.1 (−4.9 to −1.4) | −1.4 (−4.8 to 2.0) |
P value | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.011 |
Painkillers | |||
Year prior to diagnosis | 6.8 | 7.2 | 5.6 |
Year after diagnosis on a GFD | 5.5 | 5.2 | 6.4 |
Mean change (95% CI) | −1.3 (−2.6 to −0.1) | −2.0 (−3.4 to −0.5) | 0.8 (−2.1 to 3.7) |
P value | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.432 |
Medicines for dyspepsia | |||
Year prior to diagnosis | 3.7 | 3.5 | 4.4 |
Year after diagnosis on a GFD | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.6 |
Mean change (95% CI) | −1.27 (−2.10 to −0.44) | −1.1 (−2.0 to −1.2) | −1.8 (−3.7 to 0.1) |
P value | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.015 |
Antibiotic treatment† | |||
Year prior to diagnosis | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.4 |
Year after diagnosis on a GFD | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.3 |
Mean change (95% CI) | −0.1 (−0.2 to −0.1) | −0.2 (−0.3 to −0.1) | −0.1 (−0.3 to 0.1) |
P value | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.302 |
Vitamins, micronutrients, herbal products | |||
Year prior to diagnosis | 18.4 | 20.7 | 10.8 |
Year after diagnosis on a GFD | 22.6 | 24.6 | 16.2 |
Mean change (95% CI) | 4.2 (1.8 to 6.7) | 3.9 (0.9 to 6.8) | 5.5 (1.8 to 9.1) |
P value | <0.001 | 0.003 | 0.002 |