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Table 1 Selected characteristics of cases and controls

From: Reproductive factors and oesophageal cancer in Chinese women: a case-control study

Variable

Cases (N = 73)

Controls (N = 157)

P value

Age, years, mean ± SD

63.4 ± 10.3

62.7 ± 11.4

0.656

Education less than middle school, n (%) *

19 (26.0)

23 (14.6)

0.038

Never employed, n (%) *

15 (20.5)

17 (10.8)

0.047

Smoking, n (%)

6 (8.2)

8 (5.1)

0.356

High alcohol intake, n (%)

5 (6.8)

9 (5.7)

0.742

Reflux, n (%) *

29 (39.7)

16 (10.2)

<0.001

Overweight or obesity, n (%)

28 (38.4)

63 (40.1)

0.798

Low consumption of fresh vegetables, n (%)

6 (8.2)

10 (6.4)

0.891

Low consumption of fresh fruits, n (%)

10 (13.7)

17 (10.8)

0.529

  1. SD: Standard Deviation. * P < 0.05.
  2. Smoking was defined as having ever smoked over 100 cigarettes or equivalent. High alcohol intake was defined as consumption of at least 70g pure alcohol per week. Reflux referred to symptoms occurring at least 5 years before interview. Overweight or obesity meant body mass index >25 kg/m2. Low consumption of fresh vegetables or fruits was that less than weekly.